ArticleThe journal of spinal cord medicine2019
Hybrid stimulation enhances torque as a function of muscle fusion in human paralyzed and non-paralyzed skeletal muscle.
Article in The journal of spinal cord medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Musculoskeletal Plasticity After Spinal Cord Injury
Long Duration Activity and Metabolic Control After Spinal Cord Injury
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimal neuromuscular electrical stimulation parameters after spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2024Article
- Low-frequency electrically induced exercise after spinal cord injury: Physiologic challenge to skeletal muscle and feasibility for long-term use.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAfter spinal cord injury (SCI), hybrid stimulation patterns that interpose paired-pulse doublets over a constant-frequency background may enhance the metabolic "work" (muscle torque) performed by paralyzed muscle. This study examined the effect of background stimulation frequency on the torque contribution of the doublet before and after fatigue.
designCross-sectional study.
settingResearch laboratory in an academic medical center.
participantsFive men with chronic sensory and motor-complete SCI and ten non-SCI controls (6 males, 4 females). SCI subjects were recruited from a long-term study of unilateral plantar-flexor training; both limbs were tested for the present study.
interventionsSubjects underwent plantar flexor stimulation at 5, 7, 9, and 12 Hz. The four background frequencies were overlaid with 6 ms doublets delivered at the start, middle, or at both the start and middle of each train. The 5 Hz and 12 Hz frequencies were analyzed after fatigue. OUTCOME MEASURES: Mean torque, peak torque, torque fusion index, doublet torque.
resultsTrains with doublets at both the start and middle yielded the most consistent enhancement of torque (all P < 0.028). Torque contribution of the doublet was greatest at low stimulus frequencies (all P < 0.016). The low relative fusion of untrained paralyzed muscle preserved the efficacy of the doublet even during fatigue.
conclusionHybrid stimulus trains may be an effective way to increase contractile work in paralyzed muscle, even after fatigue. They may be useful for rehabilitation strategies designed to enhance the metabolic work performed by paralyzed skeletal muscle.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.