ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2018
Geographical and Historical Patterns in the Emergences of Novel Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5 and H7 Viruses in Poultry.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Counting cases, conserving species: addressing highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Multidrug-resistance in backyard poultry and their link to management and biosecurity conditions in Eastern Spain.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Ecology of Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus H7 in Wild Birds in South-Eastern Australia Prior to Emergence of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza H7 in Poultry.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Disentangling the drivers and host-mediated global spread of H7 influenza A virus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Antigenic Matching of rHVT-H5 via CRISPR/Cas9 Confers Complete Protection Against Novel H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b in Chicken.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy of Low-Concentration Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide in Inactivating Airborne H5 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus in Vivo Model.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- Waterfowl Move Less in Heterogeneous and Human-Populated Landscapes, With Implications for Spread of Avian Influenza Viruses.Ecology letters · 2026Article
- Continuous phylogeography reveals shifting environmental drivers of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 spread in Italy, 2016-23.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Epidemiology, Virology, and Control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Kazakhstan.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Landscape changes elevate the risk of avian influenza virus diversification and emergence in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal reconstruction of the North American A(H5N1) outbreak reveals successive lineage replacements by descendant reassortants.Science advances · 2025Article
- Using homologous network to identify reassortment risk in H5Nx avian influenza viruses.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in People who Have Contact With Birds.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of Influenza Avian Virus in backyard pigeons, ducks, and chickens in Toba Tek Singh District, Pakistan.PloS one · 2025Article
- Molecular Evolution of the H5 and H7 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Haemagglutinin Cleavage Site Motif.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Review
- H7N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza in Mozambique, 2023.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Dominant HPAIV H5N1 genotypes of Germany 2021/2022 are linked to high virulence in Pekin ducklings.Npj viruses · 2024Article
- Multiple transatlantic incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N5) virus into North America and spillover to mammals.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Surveillance and Genetic Analysis of Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Feces of Wild Birds in Mongolia, 2021 to 2023.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Over the years, the emergence of novel H5 and H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAI) has been taking place through two main mechanisms: first, the conversion of a low pathogenic into a highly pathogenic virus, and second, the reassortment between different genetic segments of low and highly pathogenic viruses already in circulation. We investigated and summarized the literature on emerging HPAI H5 and H7 viruses with the aim of building a spatio-temporal database of all these recorded conversions and reassortments events. We subsequently mapped the spatio-temporal distribution of known emergence events, as well as the species and production systems that they were associated with, the aim being to establish their main characteristics. From 1959 onwards, we identified a total of 39 independent H7 and H5 LPAI to HPAI conversion events. All but two of these events were reported in commercial poultry production systems, and a majority of these events took place in high-income countries. In contrast, a total of 127 reassortments have been reported from 1983 to 2015, which predominantly took place in countries with poultry production systems transitioning from backyard to intensive production systems. Those systems are characterized by several co-circulating viruses, multiple host species, regular contact points in live bird markets, limited biosecurity within value chains, and frequent vaccination campaigns that impose selection pressures for emergence of novel reassortants. We conclude that novel HPAI emergences by these two mechanisms occur in different ecological niches, with different viral, environmental and host associated factors, which has implications in early detection and management and mitigation of the risk of emergence of novel HPAI viruses.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.