ArticlePloS one2018
Time delays in the response to the Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C outbreak in Nigeria - 2017.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cholera outbreak investigation in Adamawa state, Nigeria, June 2021 - December 2021: An unmatched case-control study.Journal of public health in Africa · 2026Article
- Controlled Human Infection of Healthy Adults With LyophilizedOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Economic Analyses for Disease Surveillance Planning and Advocacy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Epidemic forecast and preparedness for explosive-cerebrospinal meningitis outbreak in Nigeria using the preventive vaccination strategy.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2023Review
- Telling our own story in global health-experience from Nigeria.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Electronic reporting of integrated disease surveillance and response: lessons learned from northeast, Nigeria, 2019.BMC public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNigeria reports high rates of mortality linked with recurring meningococcal meningitis outbreaks within the African meningitis belt. Few studies have thoroughly described the response to these outbreaks to provide strong and actionable public health messages. We describe how time delays affected the response to the 2016/2017 meningococcal meningitis outbreak in Nigeria.
methodsUsing data from Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA), World Health Organisation (WHO), and situation reports of rapid response teams, we calculated attack and death rates of reported suspected meningococcal meningitis cases per week in Zamfara, Sokoto and Yobe states respectively, between epidemiological week 49 in 2016 and epidemiological week 25 in 2017. We identified when alert and epidemic thresholds were crossed and determined when the outbreak was detected and notified in each state. We examined response activities to the outbreak.
resultsThere were 12,535 suspected meningococcal meningitis cases and 877 deaths (CFR: 7.0%) in the three states. It took an average time of three weeks before the outbreaks were detected and notified to NCDC. Four weeks after receiving notification, an integrated response coordinating centre was set up by NCDC and requests for vaccines were sent to International Coordinating Group (ICG) on vaccine provision. While it took ICG one week to approve the requests, it took an average of two weeks for approximately 41% of requested vaccines to arrive. On the average, it took nine weeks from the date the epidemic threshold was crossed to commencement of reactive vaccination in the three states.
conclusionThere were delays in detection and notification of the outbreak, in coordinating response activities, in requesting for vaccines and their arrival from ICG, and in initiating reactive vaccination. Reducing these delays in future outbreaks could help decrease the morbidity and mortality linked with meningococcal meningitis outbreaks.
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