ArticleFrontiers in immunology2018
Profiling of Canonical and Non-Traditional Cytokine Levels in Interferon-β-Treated Relapsing-Remitting-Multiple Sclerosis Patients.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) in Neurodegeneration: A Systematic Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Association of cytokine levels with treatment duration and patient family history in Egyptian multiple sclerosis patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Citrus flavonoids for overcoming breast cancer resistance to methotrexate: identification of potential targets of nobiletin and sinensetin.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Interleukin‑18 binding protein: Biological properties and roles in human and animal immune regulation (Review).Biomedical reports · 2024Review
- The brain cytokine orchestra in multiple sclerosis: from neuroinflammation to synaptopathology.Molecular brain · 2024Review
- The Impact of Functional Promoter Variants in Interleukin-18 on Susceptibility to Rheumatoid Arthritis in Iranian Population.Advanced biomedical research · 2024Article
- Cause or consequence? The role of IL-1 family cytokines and receptors in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Multiple sclerosis-disease modifying therapies affect humoral and T-cell response to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Interleukin-18 cytokine in immunity, inflammation, and autoimmunity: Biological role in induction, regulation, and treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Medicinal herbs and multiple sclerosis: Overview on the hard balance between new therapeutic strategy and occupational health risk.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Cytokine Imbalance in Schizophrenia. From Research to Clinic: Potential Implications for Treatment.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
- Serum markers improve current prediction of metastasis development in early-stage melanoma patients: a machine learning-based study.Molecular oncology · 2020Article
- Possible Correlation between Cholinergic System Alterations and Neuro/Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- Network between Cytokines, Cortisol and Occupational Stress in Gas and Oilfield Workers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- In Silico and In Vivo Analysis of IL37 in Multiple Sclerosis Reveals Its Probable Homeostatic Role on the Clinical Activity, Disability, and Treatment with Fingolimod.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disease of the central nervous system in which inflammation plays a key role in the induction, development, and progression. Most of the MS patients present with relapsing-remitting (RR) form, characterized by flare-ups followed by periods of recovery. Many inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines have been proposed as backers in MS pathogenesis, and the balance between these differing cytokines can regulate MS severity. Interferon (IFN)-β, a current disease-modifying therapy for MS, has demonstrated beneficial effects in reducing disease severity in MS patients. However, its immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory actions in MS are not wholly understood. The aim of the study was to define, in clinically stable patients with RR-MS, the serum concentration of several cytokines, canonical or not, and their modulation by IFN-β therapy. Methods: Relapsing-remitting-MS patients were enrolled and diagnosed according to revised Mc Donald Diagnostic Criteria. A set of cytokines [including non-canonical neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and adipokines] and B-cell differentiation molecules, as potential biomarkers, were evaluated in 30 non-treated RR-MS patients compared to 30 IFN-β-treated MS patients and 30 age, gender, and body mass index-matched healthy controls (HC). Results: Naïve MS patients showed significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-18, high-mobility group box protein-1, and IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) than MS-treated patients ( Conclusion: Although more experimental evidence are required, we speculate that the efficacy of treatment of MS with IFN-β is mediated, at least in part, by its ability to work on several levels to slow down the disease progression. Proposed actions include the modulation of IL-1-inflammasome axis and modulation of ACh, B-cell activating factor/a proliferation-inducing ligand system, and several adipokines.
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