ArticleScientific reports2018
Electrical properties, substrate specificity and optogenetic potential of the engineered light-driven sodium pump eKR2.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Conformational Switches of a Bacterial Light-Driven Sodium Pump Characterized by Time-Resolved Resonance Raman Spectroscopy.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026Article
- Optogenetic silencing by combining a rhodopsin cyclase with an engineered cGMP-gated potassium channel.Science advances · 2025Article
- CryoRhodopsins: A comprehensive characterization of a group of microbial rhodopsins from cold environments.Science advances · 2025Article
- Robust optogenetic inhibition with red-light-sensitive anion-conducting channelrhodopsins.eLife · 2024Article
- A subgroup of light-driven sodium pumps with an additional Schiff base counterion.Nature communications · 2024Article
- NaMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- KInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Gating and ion selectivity of Channelrhodopsins are critical for photo-activated orientation of Chlamydomonas as shown by in vivo point mutation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- QuasAr Odyssey: the origin of fluorescence and its voltage sensitivity in microbial rhodopsins.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Neurophotonic tools for microscopic measurements and manipulation: status report.Neurophotonics · 2022Article
- Microbial Rhodopsins.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Rhodopsin-Based Optogenetics: Basics and Applications.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Optogenetics for light control of biological systems.Nature reviews. Methods primers · 2022Article
- Temperature Dependence of the Krokinobacter rhodopsin 2 Kinetics.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Diversity, Mechanism, and Optogenetic Application of Light-Driven Ion Pump Rhodopsins.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
- History and Perspectives of Ion-Transporting Rhodopsins.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
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- Next-generation interfaces for studying neural function.Nature biotechnology · 2019Review
- MerMAIDs: a family of metagenomically discovered marine anion-conducting and intensely desensitizing channelrhodopsins.Nature communications · 2019Article
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5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A new microbial rhodopsin class that actively transports sodium out of the cell upon illumination was described in 2013. However, poor membrane targeting of the first-identified sodium pump KR2 in mammalian cells has hindered the direct electrical investigation of its transport mechanism and optogenetic application to date. Accordingly, we designed enhanced KR2 (eKR2), which exhibits improved membrane targeting and higher photocurrents in mammalian cells to facilitate molecular characterization and future optogenetic applications. Our selectivity measurements revealed that stationary photocurrents are primarily carried by sodium, whereas protons only play a minor role, if any. Combining laser-induced photocurrent and absorption measurements, we found that spectral changes were not necessarily related to changes in transport activity. Finally, we showed that eKR2 can be expressed in cultured hippocampal mouse neurons and induce reversible inhibition of action potential firing with millisecond precision upon illumination with moderate green-light. Hence, the light-driven sodium pump eKR2 is a reliable inhibitory optogenetic tool applicable to situations in which the proton and chloride gradients should not be altered.
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