ArticleCancers2018
Oncolytic Reovirus and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition as a Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategy for Breast Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Resistance to oncolytic virotherapy: Multidimensional mechanisms and therapeutic breakthroughs (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Genetic advancements in breast cancer treatment: a review.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Harnessing Oncolytic Viruses for Targeted Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
- Recent Advancements in Breast Cancer Therapies and Biomarkers: Mechanisms and Clinical Significance.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Breast cancer immunotherapy: Realities and advances.Cancer innovation · 2024Review
- Neutralizing Antibodies Impair the Oncolytic Efficacy of Reovirus but Permit Effective Combination with T cell-Based Immunotherapies.Cancer immunology research · 2024Article
- Intratumoral delivery of immunotherapy to treat breast cancer: current development in clinical and preclinical studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- New hopes for the breast cancer treatment: perspectives on the oncolytic virus therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Current perspectives on Vaxinia virus: an immuno-oncolytic vector in cancer therapy.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Review
- Oncolytic viruses: A novel treatment strategy for breast cancer.Genes & diseases · 2023Review
- Combination therapy with oncolytic viruses and immune checkpoint inhibitors in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: an approach of complementary advantages.Cancer cell international · 2023Review
- Preinduced reovirus-specific T-cell immunity enhances the anticancer efficacy of reovirus therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Article
- Immune-Based Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: From Molecular Biology to Clinical Practice.Cancers · 2022Review
- Viroimmunotherapy for breast cancer: promises, problems and future directions.Cancer gene therapy · 2021Review
- Review
- Oncolytic Reovirus-Mediated Recruitment of Early Innate Immune Responses Reverses Immunotherapy Resistance in Prostate Tumors.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2021Article
- Natural killer T cell immunotherapy combined with oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus or reovirus treatments differentially increases survival in mouse models of ovarian and breast cancer metastasis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Article
- Kickstarting Immunity in Cold Tumours: Localised Tumour Therapy Combinations With Immune Checkpoint Blockade.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As the current efficacy of oncolytic viruses (OVs) as monotherapy is limited, exploration of OVs as part of a broader immunotherapeutic treatment strategy for cancer is necessary. Here, we investigated the ability for immune checkpoint blockade to enhance the efficacy of oncolytic reovirus (RV) for the treatment of breast cancer (BrCa). In vitro, oncolysis and cytokine production were assessed in human and murine BrCa cell lines following RV exposure. Furthermore, RV-induced upregulation of tumor cell PD-L1 was evaluated. In vivo, the immunocompetent, syngeneic EMT6 murine model of BrCa was employed to determine therapeutic and tumor-specific immune responses following treatment with RV, anti-PD-1 antibodies or in combination. RV-mediated oncolysis and cytokine production were observed following BrCa cell infection and RV upregulated tumor cell expression of PD-L1. In vivo, RV monotherapy significantly reduced disease burden and enhanced survival in treated mice, and was further enhanced by PD-1 blockade. RV therapy increased the number of intratumoral regulatory T cells, which was reversed by the addition of PD-1 blockade. Finally, dual treatment led to the generation of a systemic adaptive anti-tumor immune response evidenced by an increase in tumor-specific IFN-γ producing CD8⁺ T cells, and immunity from tumor re-challenge. The combination of PD-1 blockade and RV appears to be an efficacious immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of BrCa, and warrants further investigation in early-phase clinical trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.