ArticleNeuroImage2018
Effect sizes of BOLD CVR, resting-state signal fluctuations and time delay measures for the assessment of hemodynamic impairment in carotid occlusion patients.
Article in NeuroImage, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cerebrovascular Reactivity Measurement Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Pooled it
- Dependency of the blood oxygen level dependent-response to hyperoxic challenges on the order of gas administration in intracranial malignancies.Neuroradiology · 2019Trial
- Cerebrovascular reactivity delay measured by blood oxygen level dependent magnetic resonance imaging and gas challenges: A systematic review.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Age-Related Low Frequency Amplitude Differences in Resting-State Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent Signal in the Cerebellum.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Multi-echo BOLD fMRI improves cerebrovascular reactivity estimates in stroke.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cerebrovascular Reactivity at Rest and Its Association With Cognitive Function in People With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia.Neurology · 2025Article
- Myelination selectively modulates BOLD signal in white matter.Research square · 2025Article
- Spontaneous cerebrovascular reactivity at rest in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment and memory deficits.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Quantitative mapping of cerebrovascular reactivity amplitude and delay with breath-hold BOLD fMRI when end-tidal COImaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Cerebrovascular reactivity and response times describe recent ischaemic symptomatology in patients with moyamoya.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Spontaneous cerebrovascular reactivity at rest in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment and memory deficits.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Noninvasive modulation of human corticostriatal activity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Modelling spatiotemporal dynamics of cerebral blood flow using multiple-timepoint arterial spin labelling MRI.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Abnormal Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Functional Connectivity Caused by White Matter Hyperintensity Contribute to Cognitive Decline.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- A practical modification to a resting state fMRI protocol for improved characterization of cerebrovascular function.NeuroImage · 2021Article
- Separating vascular and neuronal effects of age on fMRI BOLD signals.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
- Effects of Thresholding on Voxel-Wise Correspondence of Breath-Hold and Resting-State Maps of Cerebrovascular Reactivity.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Reproducibility of a ramping protocol to measure cerebral vascular reactivity using functional magnetic resonance imaging.Clinical physiology and functional imaging · 2020Article
- The association between BOLD-based cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and end-tidal CONeuroImage · 2020Article
- Cerebrovascular Reactivity Mapping Without Gas Challenges: A Methodological Guide.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeThe BOLD signal amplitude as a response to a hypercapnia stimulus is commonly used to assess cerebrovascular reserve. Despite recent advances, the implementation remains cumbersome and alternative ways to assess hemodynamic impairment are desirable. Resting-state BOLD signal fluctuations (rsBOLD) have been proposed however data on its sensitivity and dependence on baseline venous cerebral blood volume (vCBV) is limited. The primary aim of this study was to compare the effect sizes of resting-state and hypercapnia induced BOLD signal changes in the detection of hemodynamic impairment. The second aim of the study was to assess the dependence of BOLD signal variability on vCBV. MATERIALS AND
methodsFifteen patients with internal carotid artery occlusive disease and 15 matched healthy controls were included in this study. The BOLD signal was derived from a dual-echo gradient-echo echo-planar sequence during hypercapnia (HC) and hyperoxia (HO) gas modulations. BOLD (fractional) amplitude of low frequency fluctuations ((f)ALFF) was compared to HC-BOLD, BOLD response delays derived from time delay analysis and ΔBOLD in response to progressively increasing HC. Effect sizes (i.e. the standard mean difference between patients and controls) were calculated. HO-BOLD was used to estimate vCBV, and its contribution to the variability in rsBOLD signal was evaluated.
resultsThe effect sizes of ALFF and fALFF (0.61 and 0.72) were lower than the effect sizes related to hypercapnia-based hemodynamic assessment analysis; 1.62, 1.56 and 0.90 for HC-BOLD, BOLD response delays and ΔBOLD in response to progressively increasing HC. A moderate relation was found between (f)ALFF and HC-BOLD in controls (R
conclusionALFF and fALFF demonstrated a moderate effect size to detect hemodynamic impairment whereas the effect size was large for methods employing a hypercapnia-based vascular stress stimulus. Based on our analysis of BOLD signal change as a response to a progressively increasing hypercapnia stimulus we can argue that a hypercapnia stimulus of at least 2 mmHg above baseline EtCO
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