Observational studyPloS one2018
Performance of point-of-care birth HIV testing in primary health care clinics: An observational cohort study.
Observational study in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Point-of-care tests detecting HIV nucleic acids for diagnosis of HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection in infants and children aged 18 months or less.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review of the performance and clinical utility of point of care HIV-1 RNA testing for diagnosis and care.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Point-of-care early infant HIV diagnosis at birth in a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial in Mozambique and Tanzania: A comparative cost and cost-effectiveness study.PLoS medicine · 2026Trial
- Impact of Point-of-Care Birth Test-and-Treat on Clinical Outcomes Among Infants With HIV: A Cluster-Randomized Trial in Mozambique and Tanzania.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Trial
- A Randomized Trial of Point-of-Care Early Infant Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Diagnosis in Zambia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Timely and Efficient Infant Diagnosis Is Required to End AIDS in Children.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Closing Diagnostic Gaps in Pediatric HIV: Innovations in Point-of-Care and Digital Monitoring with an Asia-Pacific Implementation Lens-A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Optimizing the location of point-of-care infant HIV testing devices in Zimbabwe to maximize impact and value: A modeling analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Xpert HIV-1 qual point-of-care testing for HIV early infant diagnosis in Tanzania: experiences and perceptions of health care workers in a 2016 study.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- Using queueing models as a decision support tool in allocating point-of-care HIV viral load testing machines in Kisumu County, Kenya.Health policy and planning · 2024Article
- 'The baby will have the right beginning': a qualitative study on mother and health worker views on point-of-care HIV birth testing across 10 sites in Zimbabwe.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Point-of-care p24 antigen detection for early infant diagnosis of HIV infection: cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in Zambia.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- The cost-effectiveness of scaling-up rapid point-of-care testing for early infant diagnosis of HIV in southern Zambia.PloS one · 2021Article
- Birth Testing for Infant HIV Diagnosis in Eswatini: Implementation Experience and Uptake Among Women Living With HIV in Manzini Region.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2020Article
- "The right time is just after birth": acceptability of point-of-care birth testing in Eswatini: qualitative results from infant caregivers, health care workers, and policymakers.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
- The Cascade of Care From Routine Point-of-Care HIV Testing at Birth: Results From an 18-Months Pilot Program in Eswatini.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Acceptability and feasibility of testing for HIV infection at birth and linkage to care in rural and urban Zambia: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Programmatic evaluation of feasibility and efficiency of at birth and 6-week, point of care HIV testing in Kenyan infant.PloS one · 2020Article
- Factors affecting acceptance of at-birth point of care HIV testing among providers and parents in Kenya: A qualitative study.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFailure to timely diagnose HIV in infants is a major barrier for scaling-up paediatric antiretroviral treatment (ART). WHO recommends birth testing for earlier diagnosis and to improve test coverage, but current diagnosis takes 2-3 weeks to complete, thereby limiting the ability of care givers to provide follow-on care, especially in low-resource settings. We evaluated the benefit of implementing rapid diagnosis of HIV at birth in primary health care maternity wards in Mozambique. METHODS AND
findingsInfants born to HIV-infected mothers delivering consecutively at eight primary health care clinics were tested within 24 hours of delivery using on-site POC (Alere q HIV1/2 Detect) and standard laboratory (Roche COBAS AmpliPrep/TaqMan HIV-1 qualitative assay v2.0) testing. Infants were also tested at 4-6 weeks of age with both assays. Of 2,350 HIV-exposed infants enrolled in this implementation research study, 33 tested HIV-positive at birth on both assays. Sensitivity and specificity of POC testing compared with laboratory testing at birth were 100% (95% CI 89·4-100·0) and 100% (95% CI 99·8-100·0), respectively. At 4-6 weeks of age, 61 infants were identified as HIV-positive; of these 29 (47·5%) had a positive test at birth. Testing at both birth and 4-6 weeks identified 71 HIV-positive infants compared with 61 infants by testing at 4-6 weeks alone, a 16% increase. Two infants tested positive at birth but tested HIV-negative during follow-up.
conclusionsAdding POC birth testing to the 4-6 week screen may increase access to HIV diagnosis and expedite ART initiation in primary health care settings within low resource settings. Guidance on appropriate confirmatory HIV testing algorithms for birth testing is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.