Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29912684›Full record

ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2018

Large Outbreaks of Fungal and Bacterial Bloodstream Infections in a Neonatal Unit, South Africa, 2012-2016.

Erika van Schalkwyk, Samantha Iyaloo, Serisha D Naicker, Tsidiso G Maphanga, Ruth S Mpembe, Thokozile G Zulu, Mabatho Mhlanga, Sibongile Mahlangu, Motlatji B Maloba, Grace Ntlemo and 3 more

Open access · diamondAbstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Genomic Insights ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Genomic analyses reveal high diversity and rapid evolution ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Observational
  11. Article
  12. Candidiasis and Other Emerging Yeasts.Current fungal infection reports · 2023
    Review
  13. Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
  15. High frequency ofCurrent medical mycology · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Antifungal and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Paeonol Treatment Against Biofilms ComprisingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Infectious complications in neonatal transfusion: Narrative review and personal contribution.Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis · 2020
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Erika van Schalkwyk
Samantha Iyaloo
Serisha D Naicker
Tsidiso G Maphanga
Ruth S Mpembe
Thokozile G Zulu
Mabatho Mhlanga
Sibongile Mahlangu
Motlatji B Maloba
Grace Ntlemo
Kgomotso Sanyane
Dini Mawela
Nelesh P Govender
National Institute for Communicable DiseasesOffice of Diversity and Inclusion · USNational Health Laboratory Service · ZASefako Makgatho Health Sciences University · ZAUniversity of California, Irvine · USUniversity of Cape Town · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Candidemia is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections. We describe a large outbreak of Candida krusei bloodstream infections among infants in Gauteng Province, South Africa, during a 4-month period; a series of candidemia and bacteremia outbreaks in the neonatal unit followed. We detected cases by using enhanced laboratory surveillance and audited hospital wards by environmental sampling and epidemiologic studies. During July-October 2014, among 589 patients, 48 unique cases of C. krusei candidemia occurred (8.2% incidence). Risk factors for candidemia on multivariable analyses were necrotizing enterocolitis, birthweight <1,500 g, receipt of parenteral nutrition, and receipt of blood transfusion. Despite initial interventions, outbreaks of bloodstream infection caused by C. krusei, rarer fungal species, and bacterial pathogens continued in the neonatal unit through July 29, 2016. Multiple factors contributed to these outbreaks; the most functional response is to fortify infection prevention and control.

Indexed as

Cross InfectionDisease OutbreaksBacteremiaChildFemaleFungemiaHistory, 21st CenturyHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, Newborn, DiseasesMalePublic Health SurveillanceRisk FactorsSouth Africaantibacterialantifungalbacteremiabacteriabloodstreamblood transfusionCandida kruseicandidemiacentral venous cathetercross-infectiondisease outbreaksfomitefungemiafungiGautenginfantinfection controlintravenousnecrotizing enterocolitisneonatal sepsisnewbornnosocomialprematuritySouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID29912684
PMCPMC6038734
OpenAlexW2808298631

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.