Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29912208›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2018

De novo DNA synthesis using polymerase-nucleotide conjugates.

Sebastian Palluk, Daniel H Arlow, Tristan de Rond, Sebastian Barthel, Justine S Kang, Rathin Bector, Hratch M Baghdassarian, Alisa N Truong, Peter W Kim, Anup K Singh and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
128citing papers in PubMed
9.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

128 citing papers in PubMed, 301 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. From reading to writing.Nature biotechnology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Engineering a Virus-Derived X Family DNA Polymerase FvPolX for de novo DNA Synthesis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Genome synthesis, assembly, and rebooting of therapeutically useful high G+C% mycobacteriophages.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Highly Ordered DNA Framework Interface Enables Efficient Enzymatic Oligonucleotide Synthesis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. An Update: Enzymatic Synthesis for Industrial Applications.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025
    Review

68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Sebastian PallukJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Daniel H ArlowJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Tristan de RondJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Sebastian BarthelJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Justine S KangJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Rathin BectorJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Hratch M BaghdassarianJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Alisa N TruongJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Peter W KimJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Anup K SinghJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
Nathan J HillsonJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9169-3978
Jay D KeaslingJoint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4170-6088
Berkeley College · USLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · USQB3 · USSandia National Laboratories California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oligonucleotides are almost exclusively synthesized using the nucleoside phosphoramidite method, even though it is limited to the direct synthesis of ∼200 mers and produces hazardous waste. Here, we describe an oligonucleotide synthesis strategy that uses the template-independent polymerase terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT). Each TdT molecule is conjugated to a single deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) molecule that it can incorporate into a primer. After incorporation of the tethered dNTP, the 3' end of the primer remains covalently bound to TdT and is inaccessible to other TdT-dNTP molecules. Cleaving the linkage between TdT and the incorporated nucleotide releases the primer and allows subsequent extension. We demonstrate that TdT-dNTP conjugates can quantitatively extend a primer by a single nucleotide in 10-20 s, and that the scheme can be iterated to write a defined sequence. This approach may form the basis of an enzymatic oligonucleotide synthesizer.

Indexed as

DNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseDNA NucleotidylexotransferaseDNA ReplicationNucleosidesOligonucleotidesOrganophosphorus CompoundsDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseDNA NucleotidylexotransferaseNucleosidesOligonucleotidesOrganophosphorus Compoundsphosphoramidite

Identifiers

PMID29912208
OpenAlexW2808129035

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.