ArticleEnvironmental science & technology letters2018
Potential Health and Environmental Risks of Three-Dimensional Engineered Polymers.
Article in Environmental science & technology letters, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biocompatible designated Resin-3D-printed polymers exhibit reproductive toxicity prevented by Parylene-C.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Reproductive success in the anthropocene: A view through a One Health lens.The anthropocene review · 2025Review
- Production and Use of Customizable Agarose Molds for Scaffold-Free Mouse Ovarian Follicle Culture.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2025Article
- Simulated gastric leachate of 3D printer metal-fill filaments induces cytotoxic effects in rat and human intestinal models.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2024Article
- Parylene-C Coating Protects Resin-3D-Printed Devices from Material Erosion and Prevents Cytotoxicity toward Primary Cells.ACS applied bio materials · 2023Article
- Rapid Micromolding of Sub-100 µm Microfluidic Channels Using an 8K Stereolithographic Resin 3D Printer.Micromachines · 2023Article
- Hydrogel-Assisted Double Molding Enables Rapid Replication of Stereolithographic 3D Prints for Engineered Tissue Design.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- Alternative Culture Systems for Bovine Oocyte In Vitro Maturation: Liquid Marbles and Differentially Shaped 96-Well Plates.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Initial assessment of the toxicologic effects of leachates from 3-dimensional (3-D) printed objects on sperm quality in two model fish species.Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Fabrication of 3D-printed molds for polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidic devices using a liquid crystal display-based vat photopolymerization process: printing quality, drug response and 3D invasion cell culture assays.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2023Article
- 3D printing biocompatible materials with Multi Jet Fusion for bioreactor applications.International journal of bioprinting · 2023Article
- Opportunities involving microfluidics and 3D culture systems to theAnimal reproduction · 2023Review
- Advancing bovineFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Identification of effective control technologies for additive manufacturing.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews · 2022Review
- Review
- In Vitro and In Vivo Comparison of Bone Growth Characteristics in Additive-Manufactured Porous Titanium, Nonporous Titanium, and Porous Tantalum Interbody Cages.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Human exposure to metals in consumer-focused fused filament fabrication (FFF)/ 3D printing processes.The Science of the total environment · 2022Review
- Modeling Tumor: Lymphatic Interactions in Lymphatic Metastasis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2021Article
- Chemical Emissions from Cured and Uncured 3D-Printed Ventilator Patient Circuit Medical Parts.ACS omega · 2021Article
- Probing morphological, genetic and metabolomic changes of in vitro embryo development in a microfluidic device.Biotechnology progress · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polymer engineering, such as in three-dimensional (3D) printing, is rapidly gaining popularity, not only in the scientific and medical fields but also in the community in general. However, little is known about the toxicity of engineered materials. Therefore, we assessed the toxicity of 3D-printed and molded parts from five different polymers commonly used for prototyping, fabrication of organ-on-a-chip platforms, and medical devices. Toxic effects of PIC100, E-Shell200, E-Shell300, polydimethylsiloxane, and polystyrene (PS) on early bovine embryo development, on the transactivation of estrogen receptors were assessed, and possible polymer-leached components were identified by mass spectrometry. Embryo development beyond the two-cell stage was inhibited by PIC100, E-Shell200, and E-Shell300 and correlated to the released amount of diethyl phthalate and polyethylene glycol. Furthermore, all polymers (except PS) induced estrogen receptor transactivation. The released materials from PIC100 inhibited embryo cleavage across a confluent monolayer culture of oviduct epithelial cells and also inhibited oocyte maturation. These findings highlight the need for cautious use of engineered polymers for household 3D printing and bioengineering of culture and medical devices and the need for the safe disposal of used devices and associated waste.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.