ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2018
Shared and Distinct Features of Human Milk and Infant Stool Viromes.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of infant gut viromes reveals global patterns in bacteriophage community assembly and functional capacity over the first three years of life.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Phage diversity in human breast milk: a systematic review.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- The enteric DNA virome differs in infants at risk for atopic disease.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Human milk microbiome as a modulator of the early-life gut-brain axis: mechanisms and translational opportunities for neurodevelopment.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- The human breast milk microbiome: a landscape review of its composition, origins, and impact on infant health.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- Dynamics and drivers of the human breast milk microbiome across lactation stages.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Dynamics and compositional profiles of human milk oligosaccharides in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus across lactation.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The Human Virome in Health and Its Remodeling During HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The Association Between Maternal Diet and the Human Milk Microbiome: A Review of Evidence and Methodological Challenges.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The Nonbacterial Infant Microbiome and Necrotizing Enterocolitis.American journal of perinatology · 2025Review
- Integrating the milk microbiome signatures in mastitis: milk-omics and functional implications.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- The human milk bacteriome and mycobiome and their inter-kingdom interactions viewed across geography.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Carbohydrate-mediated interactions between chloroviruses and the immune system.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Gut microbiome in the first 1000 days and risk for childhood food allergy.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2024Review
- Relationship between Infant Feeding and the Microbiome: Implications for Allergies and Food Intolerances.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Longitudinal analysis of the enteric virome in paediatric subjects from the Free State Province, South Africa, reveals early gut colonisation and temporal dynamics.Virus research · 2024Article
- Review
- Human Milk Microbiome-A Review of Scientific Reports.Nutrients · 2024Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infants acquire many of their microbes from their mothers during the birth process. The acquisition of these microbes is believed to be critical in the development of the infant immune system. Bacteria also are transmitted to the infant through breastfeeding, and help to form the microbiome of the infant gastrointestinal (GI) tract; it is unknown whether viruses in human milk serve to establish an infant GI virome. We examined the virome contents of milk and infant stool in a cohort of mother-infant pairs to discern whether milk viruses colonize the infant GI tract. We observed greater viral alpha diversity in milk than in infant stool, similar to the trend we found for bacterial communities from both sites. When comparing beta diversity, viral communities were mostly distinguishable between milk and infant stool, but each was quite distinct from adult stool, urine, and salivary viromes. There were significant differences in viral families in the infant stool (abundant bacteriophages from the family Siphoviridae) compared to milk (abundant bacteriophages from the family Myoviridae), which may reflect significant differences in the bacterial families identified from both sites. Despite the differences in viral taxonomy, we identified a significant number of shared viruses in the milk and stool from all mother-infant pairs. Because of the significant proportion of bacteriophages transmitted in these mother-infant pairs, we believe the transmission of milk phages to the infant GI tract may help to shape the infant GI microbiome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.