ArticleFrontiers in neurology2018
The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 41 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Ecological Rythmic-acoustic Stimulation (E-RAS) on Motor Skills in Individuals
Effect of Metronome-Based Structured Rhythmic Exercise Program on Freezing and Gait Parameters in Parkinson Disease
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of wearable rhythmic auditory stimulation on Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness and applications of neurologic music therapy in motor and non-motor rehabilitation for older adults with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Physical Therapist Management of Parkinson Disease: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Physical Therapy Association.Physical therapy · 2022Guideline
- Rhythmic auditory stimulation promotes gait recovery in Parkinson's patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Rhythmic cueing, dance, resistance training, and Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Gait and Motor Function in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Randomized Controlled Studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Music Therapy and Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review from 2015-2020.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Review
- Effectiveness of Music Therapy with Personalized Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation Plus Music-Contingent Gait Training in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Neurology international · 2026Review
- From Finger Taps to Footsteps: Gait as a Model for Investigating and Training Rhythmic Abilities.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Review
- Can neurologic music therapy make the difference when using immersive virtual reality in Parkinson disease motor training? Promising findings from a secondary analysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of physiological response and synchronisation errors during synchronous and pseudosynchronous stimulation trials.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Enhancing Perceptual-Motor Skills in Sports: The Role of Ecological Sounds.Journal of Intelligence · 2024Article
- Coupling neurologic music therapy with immersive virtual reality to improve executive functions in individuals with Parkinson's disease: A Quasi-Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2024Article
- Current Treatments and New, Tentative Therapies for Parkinson's Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Multi-Modal Rehabilitation Therapy in Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders.Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2023Article
- Mapping Research Trends from 20 Years of Publications in Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Neurologic Music Therapy in Geriatric Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Freezing of gait: overview on etiology, treatment, and future directions.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) has been proven useful in the management of gait disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Typically, the RAS consists of metronome or music-based sounds (artificial RAS), while ecological footstep sounds (ecological RAS) have never been used for rehabilitation programs.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of a rehabilitation program integrated either with ecological or with artificial RAS.
methodsAn observer-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effects of 5 weeks of supervised rehabilitation integrated with RAS. Thirty-eight individuals affected by PD were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions (ecological vs. artificial RAS); thirty-two of them (age 68.2 ± 10.5, Hoehn and Yahr 1.5-3) concluded all phases of the study. Spatio-temporal parameters of gait and clinical variables were assessed before the rehabilitation period, at its end, and after a 3-month follow-up.
resultsThirty-two participants were analyzed. The results revealed that both groups improved in the majority of biomechanical and clinical measures, independently of the type of sound. Moreover, exploratory analyses for separate groups were conducted, revealing improvements on spatio-temporal parameters only in the ecological RAS group.
conclusionOverall, our results suggest that ecological RAS is equally effective compared to artificial RAS. Future studies should further investigate the role of ecological RAS, on the basis of information revealed by our exploratory analyses. Theoretical, methodological, and practical issues concerning the implementation of ecological sounds in the rehabilitation of PD patients are discussed. CLINICAL
trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03228888.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.