Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29910314›Full record

ReviewSports (Basel, Switzerland)2018

Cancer and Exercise: Warburg Hypothesis, Tumour Metabolism and High-Intensity Anaerobic Exercise.

Peter Hofmann

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07484776 (Metabolic Flexibility in Patients With Early Triple-negative Breast Cancer and the Possible Effect of a Physical Exercise Intervention), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07484776 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Metabolic Flexibility in Patients With Early Triple-negative Breast Cancer and the Possible Effect of a Physical Exercise Intervention

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad Europea de MadridRan2026 to 2028Enrolled40ConditionsTriple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)ArmsCardiovascular training at maximal fat oxidation (FATmax), Cardiovascular training at maximal aerobic power (MAP), Resistance training
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Multimodal prehabilitation in digestive oncology: a scoping review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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  15. Correspondence: work smart or work hard in patients with metastatic breast cancer: emphasizing the importance of immunological and lactate changes.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
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  19. Article
  20. The active grandparent hypothesis: Physical activity and the evolution of extended human healthspans and lifespans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Peter HofmannInstitute of Sports Sciences, Exercise Physiology, Training & Training Therapy Research Group, University of Graz, Max Mell Allee 11, Graz 8010, Austria. peter.hofmann@uni-graz.at.ORCID 0000-0003-4836-1238

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is ample evidence that regular moderate to vigorous aerobic physical activity is related to a reduced risk for various forms of cancer to suggest a causal relationship. Exercise is associated with positive changes in fitness, body composition, and physical functioning as well as in patient-reported outcomes such as fatigue, sleep quality, or health-related quality of life. Emerging evidence indicates that exercise may also be directly linked to the control of tumour biology through direct effects on tumour-intrinsic factors. Beside a multitude of effects of exercise on the human body, one underscored effect of exercise training is to target the specific metabolism of tumour cells, namely the Warburg-type highly glycolytic metabolism. Tumour metabolism as well as the tumour⁻host interaction may be selectively influenced by single bouts as well as regularly applied exercise, dependent on exercise intensity, duration, frequency and mode. High-intensity anaerobic exercise was shown to inhibit glycolysis and some studies in animals showed that effects on tumour growth might be stronger compared with moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. High-intensity exercise was shown to be safe in patients; however, it has to be applied carefully with an individualized prescription of exercise.

Indexed as

cancer metabolismexercise prescriptionhigh-intensity exerciseinhibitionlactate

Identifiers

PMID29910314
PMCPMC5969185

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.