ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2018
Neopterin is associated with hippocampal subfield volumes and cognition in HIV.
Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in cerebral function parameters in persons with HIV with symptoms of insomnia switching from dolutegravir- to bictegravir-based antiretroviral therapy.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Trial
- HIV and Low Omega-3 Levels May Heighten Hippocampal Volume Differences Between Men and Women With Substance Use.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Ventricular volume adjustment of brain regions depicts brain changes associated with HIV infection and aging better than intracranial volume adjustment.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Innate immune memory in chronic HIV and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): potential mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- Multimodal Approach to Neurocognitive Function in People Living with HIV in the cART Era: A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Neurodegenerative phagocytes mediate synaptic stripping in Neuro-HIV.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2022Article
- FreeSurfer-based segmentation of hippocampal subfields: A review of methods and applications, with a novel quality control procedure for ENIGMA studies and other collaborative efforts.Human brain mapping · 2022Review
- Hepatitis C Virus Cure in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection Dampens Inflammation and Improves Cognition Through Multiple Mechanisms.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Plasma inflammatory biomarkers link to diffusion tensor imaging metrics in virally suppressed HIV-infected individuals.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- N2 year in review and message from the editor to our reviewers.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHIV infection sets off an immediate immune response and inflammatory cascade that can lead to neuronal injury and cognitive impairment, but the relationship between immune markers, regional brain volumes, and cognition remains understudied in HIV-infected adults.
methodsCross-sectional associations were examined between serum immune markers of activation (neopterin) and inflammation (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and C-reactive protein) with regional brain volumes (cortical, subcortical, total gray matter, hippocampus, and subfields) and cognition in 66 HIV-infected, virally suppressed, adults who underwent 3.0-T MRI as part of the Research Core of the Rush Center of Excellence on Disparities in HIV and Aging. Immune markers were assayed from frozen plasma, values were entered into linear regression models as predictors of regional brain volumes, and interactive effects of immune response and regional brain volumes on cognition were examined.
resultsNo inflammatory marker was associated with any regional brain volume. Higher neopterin level was associated with lower total hippocampal, presubiculum, and cornu ammonis (CA) subfield volumes. Higher neopterin level and lower total hippocampal volume were independently associated with lower episodic memory, and neopterin level fully mediated the effect of hippocampal atrophy on episodic memory. Higher neopterin levels were associated with lower presubiculum, CA1, and CA4/dentate volumes and lower semantic memory, working memory, and global cognition.
conclusionImmune activation in response to HIV infection, measured by neopterin, has a deleterious and targeted effect on regional brain structure, which can be visualized with clinically available MRI measures of hippocampus and its subfields, and this effect is associated with lower cognitive function.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.