ArticleFluids and barriers of the CNS2018
Is bulk flow plausible in perivascular, paravascular and paravenous channels?
Article in Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain lymphatic drainage pathways, deep cervical lymphatic surgery, and current insights: A systematic review.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Pooled it
- Enlarged perivascular spaces in multiple sclerosis on magnetic resonance imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Modeling glioma-induced impairments on the glymphatic system.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- The pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease and vascular cognitive impairment.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- Navigating Central Oxytocin Transport: Known Realms and Uncharted Territories.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2025Review
- Directional flow in perivascular networks: mixed finite elements for reduced-dimensional models on graphs.Journal of mathematical biology · 2024Article
- Modeling CSF circulation and the glymphatic system during infusion using subject specific intracranial pressures and brain geometries.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Article
- A brain-wide solute transport model of the glymphatic system.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Article
- Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics: Current techniques and future advancements.NMR in biomedicine · 2024Review
- Modal Analysis of Cerebrovascular Effects for Digital Health Integration of Neurostimulation Therapies-A Review of Technology Concepts.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Hydraulic resistance of three-dimensional pial perivascular spaces in the brain.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Article
- Hydraulic resistance of three-dimensional pial perivascular spaces in the brain.Research square · 2023Article
- Sizes and shapes of perivascular spaces surrounding murine pial arteries.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- The glymphatic system's role in traumatic brain injury-related neurodegeneration.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Disentangling the impact of cerebrospinal fluid formation and neuronal activity on solute clearance from the brain.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- Pulsatile cerebral paraarterial flow by peristalsis, pressure and directional resistance.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- Artificial intelligence velocimetry reveals in vivo flow rates, pressure gradients, and shear stresses in murine perivascular flows.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Estimates of the permeability of extra-cellular pathways through the astrocyte endfoot sheath.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- Sizes and Shapes of Perivascular Spaces Surrounding Murine Pial Arteries.Research square · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTransport of solutes has been observed in the spaces surrounding cerebral arteries and veins. Indeed, transport has been found in opposite directions in two different spaces around arteries. These findings have motivated hypotheses of bulk flow within these spaces. The glymphatic circulation hypothesis involves flow of cerebrospinal fluid from the cortical subarachnoid space to the parenchyma along the paraarterial (extramural, Virchow-Robin) space around arteries, and return flow to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space via paravenous channels. The second hypothesis involves flow of interstitial fluid from the parenchyma to lymphatic vessels along basement membranes between arterial smooth muscle cells.
methodsThis article evaluates the plausibility of steady, pressure-driven flow in these channels with one-dimensional branching models.
resultsAccording to the models, the hydraulic resistance of arterial basement membranes is too large to accommodate estimated interstitial perfusion of the brain, unless the flow empties to lymphatic ducts after only several generations (still within the parenchyma). The estimated pressure drops required to drive paraarterial and paravenous flows of the same magnitude are not large, but paravenous flow back to the CSF space means that the total pressure difference driving both flows is limited to local pressure differences among the different CSF compartments, which are estimated to be small.
conclusionsPeriarterial flow and glymphatic circulation driven by steady pressure are both found to be implausible, given current estimates of anatomical and fluid dynamic parameters.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.