ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2018
Views on and experiences of electronic cigarettes: a qualitative study of women who are pregnant or have recently given birth.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Vaping in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Pooled it
- The Effects of E-Cigarette Vapor Components on the Morphology and Function of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Factors influencing the uptake and use of nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes in pregnant women who smoke: a qualitative evidence synthesis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Comparison of prenatal self-report of tobacco use to direct measurement of umbilical cord cotinine.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Tobacco and cannabis use among pregnant women with prenatal opioid use.Addictive behaviors · 2025Article
- E-cigarette flavor and device preferences among US pregnant women who smoke: A latent class analysis.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2025Article
- Are People More Likely to Vape or Smoke Indoors? A Population Survey of Adults in England.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- The effects of inhaled pollutants on reproduction in marginalized communities: a contemporary review.Inhalation toxicology · 2024Review
- Provision of E-Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: Perceptions and Experiences of Pregnant Women from Two UK Sites.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Implementing E-Cigarettes as an Alternate Smoking Cessation Tool during Pregnancy: A Process Evaluation at Two UK Sites.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Understanding for whom, under what conditions and how smoking cessation services for pregnant women in the United Kingdom work-a rapid realist review.BMC public health · 2023Review
- Association between maternal e-cigarette use during pregnancy and low gestational weight gain.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2023Article
- Are E-cigarettes associated with postpartum return to smoking? Secondary analyses of a UK pregnancy longitudinal cohort.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Patterns and Trends in Use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Before and During Pregnancy: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, United States, 2016-2019.Journal of community health · 2022Article
- Smoking and vaping patterns during pregnancy and the postpartum: A longitudinal UK cohort survey.Addictive behaviors · 2021Article
- Gestational Women's Perceptions About the Harms of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use During Pregnancy.Maternal and child health journal · 2021Article
- Newspaper media representation of electronic cigarette use during pregnancy.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Active and Passive Exposure to Tobacco and e-Cigarettes During Pregnancy.Maternal and child health journal · 2021Article
- Healthcare Professionals' Beliefs, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behavior Around Vaping in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Qualitative Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Electronic Cigarettes and Fecundability: Results From a Prospective Preconception Cohort Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundElectronic cigarettes (ECs) are increasingly used for reducing or stopping smoking, with some studies showing positive outcomes. However, little is known about views on ECs during pregnancy or postpartum and previous studies have nearly all been conducted in the US and have methodological limitations, such as not distinguishing between smokers and ex/non-smokers. A greater understanding of this topic will help to inform both clinicians and EC interventions. We elicited views and experiences of ECs among UK pregnant or recently pregnant women.
methodsWe conducted semi-structured telephone interviews, using topic guides, with pregnant or recently pregnant women, who were current or recent ex-smokers. To ensure broad views of ECs were obtained, recruitment was from several geographical locations and via various avenues of recruitment. This included stop smoking services, antenatal and health visitor clinics, a pregnancy website and an informal network. Participants were 15 pregnant and 15 postpartum women, including nine current EC users, 11 ex-users, and 10 never-users. Five women who were interviewed in pregnancy were later interviewed in postpartum to explore if their views had changed. Audio data was transcribed verbatim and framework analysis was applied.
resultsFive main themes emerged: motivations for use (e.g., for stopping or reducing smoking), social stigma (e.g., avoiding use in public, preferring 'discrete' NRT), using the EC (e.g., mostly used at home); consumer aspects (e.g., limited advice available), and harm perceptions (e.g., viewed as less harmful than smoking; concerns about safety and addiction).
conclusionsECs were viewed positively by some pregnant and postpartum women and seen as less harmful than smoking and useful as aids for reducing and stopping smoking. However, due to perceived social stigma, some women feel uncomfortable using ECs in public, especially during pregnancy, and had concerns about safety and nicotine dependence. Health professionals and designers of EC interventions need to provide women with up-to-date and consistent information and advice about safety and dependence, as well as considering the influence of social stigma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.