ArticlePLoS pathogens2018
Endogenous retroviruses of non-avian/mammalian vertebrates illuminate diversity and deep history of retroviruses.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolution ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Deciphering APOBEC1 in Avians: unravelling loss events and functional insights.Immunogenetics · 2026Article
- Retroviral Remnants in the Human Genome: Classification, Integration and Regulation.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2026Review
- Gammaretrovirus Infections in Humans in the Past, Present, and Future: Have We Defeated the Pathogen?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Insertion of an invading retrovirus regulates a novel color trait in swordtail fish.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Endogenous Retroviruses in Host-Virus Coevolution: From Genomic Domestication to Functional Innovation.Genes · 2025Review
- Understanding the role of toggle genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia proliferation.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Article
- Phylogenomics Unveils the Complex Evolution of Retroviruses in Birds.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Signature of viral fossils: a comparative genomics approach to understand the diversity of endogenous retroviruses in bats.Virus research · 2024Article
- A novel approach to exploring the dark genome and its application to mapping of the vertebrate virus fossil record.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Discovery and genetic characterization of novel paramyxoviruses from small mammals in Hubei Province, Central China.Microbial genomics · 2024Article
- Review
- Comparison of Endogenous Alpharetroviruses (ALV-like) across Galliform Species: New Distant Proviruses.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Genealogical Diversity of Endogenous Retrovirus in the Jawless Fish Genome.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- A Long-Running Arms Race betweenJournal of virology · 2023Article
- Association of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERV) with Multiple Sclerosis in Northwest of Iran.International journal of inflammation · 2023Article
- Advances on genetic and genomic studies of ALV resistance.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Cross-species transmission of an ancient endogenous retrovirus and convergent co-option of its envelope gene in two mammalian orders.PLoS genetics · 2022Article
- Article
- Evolution and Genetic Diversity of the Retroviral Envelope in Anamniotes.Journal of virology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The deep history and early diversification of retroviruses remains elusive, largely because few retroviruses have been characterized in vertebrates other than mammals and birds. Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) documented past retroviral infections and thus provide 'molecular fossils' for studying the deep history of retroviruses. Here we perform a comprehensive phylogenomic analysis of ERVs within the genomes of 92 non-avian/mammalian vertebrates, including 72 fishes, 4 amphibians, and 16 reptiles. We find that ERVs are present in all the genomes of jawed vertebrates, revealing the ubiquitous presence of ERVs in jawed vertebrates. We identify a total of >8,000 ERVs and reconstruct ~450 complete or partial ERV genomes, which dramatically expands the phylogenetic diversity of retroviruses and suggests that the diversity of exogenous retroviruses might be much underestimated in non-avian/mammalian vertebrates. Phylogenetic analyses show that retroviruses cluster into five major groups with different host distributions, providing important insights into the classification and diversification of retroviruses. Moreover, we find retroviruses mainly underwent frequent host switches in non-avian/mammalian vertebrates, with exception of spumavirus-related viruses that codiverged with their ray-finned fish hosts. Interestingly, ray-finned fishes and turtles appear to serve as unappreciated hubs for the transmission of retroviruses. Finally, we find retroviruses underwent many independent water-land transmissions, indicating the water-land interface is not a strict barrier for retrovirus transmission. Our analyses provide unprecedented insights into and valuable resources for studying the diversification, key evolutionary transitions, and macroevolution of retroviruses.
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