Observational studyMedicine2018
Prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of interstitial lung disease in a large cohort of Chinese primary Sjögren syndrome patients: A case-control study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- ERS/EULAR clinical practice guidelines for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease.The European respiratory journal · 2026Guideline
- Association of anti-Ro52 autoantibody with interstitial lung disease in autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Pooled it
- Incidence and prevalence of interstitial lung diseases worldwide: a systematic literature review.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Interleukin 2 for Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Evaluation of patients diagnosed with primary Sjogren's syndrome with and without pulmonary involvement.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2025Article
- High-Resolution CT Findings in Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Connective Tissue Diseases: Differentiating Patterns for Clinical Practice-A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Artificial intelligence-based prediction of organ involvement in Sjogren's syndrome using labial gland biopsy whole-slide images.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Time-Dependent Mortality Predictors in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: C-Reactive Protein for Early Risk and Age for Late Outcomes.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients with Primary Sjogren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies : Prevalence of Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients with Primary Sjogren's Syndrome.Galen medical journal · 2025Review
- Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- Interstitial Lung Disease Phenotypes and Predictive Risk Factors in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Malnutrition is associated with mortality in Sjögren's syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Interstitial lung disease and associated factors in patients with Sjögren's syndrome.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Article
- Screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of interstitial lung disease in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: A narrative review.Revista colombiana de reumatologia · 2024Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Interstitial Lung Disease in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2024Article
- The analysis of the pulmonary domain involvement in Sjögren's disease.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2024Article
- Clinical features and risk factors for primary Sjögren's syndrome combined with interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study.Acta biochimica Polonica · 2024Article
- Primary-Sjögren's-Syndrome-Related Interstitial Lung Disease: A Clinical Review Discussing Current Controversies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Interstitial Lung Disease and Pulmonary Damage in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Pulmonary involvement in primary Sjögren's syndrome: contribution of the different means in the systematic investigation.The Pan African medical journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To determine the prevalence of pulmonary complications in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), and to identify the risk factors and the prognosis associated with pulmonary involvement in pSS patients.A total of 1341 hospitalized patients (853 with pSS and 488 with secondary Sjögren syndrome [sSS]) were retrospectively reviewed. Of these, 165 hospitalized patients with pSS-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) were analyzed and recruited as a study group. Eighty-four pSS patients without organ damage were included as a control group.One hundred and sixty-five patients (19.34%) from the pSS group and 126 patients (25.82%) from the sSS group presented with lung involvement. Of the 165 pSS patients with lung complications, 151 (91.5%) were women. The mean age was 61.25 ± 9.79 years, and the median disease duration was 84 (24-156) months. Non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP; 39.1%) was the predominant pattern on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). The total HRCT score was 9.71 ± 4.77. Impairment in diffusion capacity was the most common (74.3%) and severe complication (predicted value of TLCO was 57.5 ± 21.2%). The 5-year survival rate for all patients with pSS-ILD was 88.5%. Age, disease duration, rheumatoid factor (RF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher than in controls, whereas anti-SSA was less common. Age, RF, and CRP were independent predictors of ILD after adjustment for confounders.Lung involvement is a common and severe complication of Sjögren syndrome. Age and disease activity are correlated with pulmonary involvement in pSS patients.
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