ArticleArchives of rheumatology2016
Diagnostic Delay in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Related Factors and Prognostic Outcomes.
Article in Archives of rheumatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic delay in axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review.Clinical rheumatology · 2022Pooled it
- A secukinumab dose-escalation study in patients with ankylosing spondylitis not achieving inactive disease after 16 weeks of treatment.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Trial
- Race as a determinant of clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of axial spondyloarthritis in the United States.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Recognition of Juvenile Ankylosing Spondylitis in an Adolescent Female Presenting to a Chiropractor.Cureus · 2026Article
- Associations of blood cell indices with the risk of ankylosing spondylitis: A retrospective case-control and machine learning modeling study.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- The patient journey in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic review.EULAR rheumatology open · 2025Article
- The journey of patients with musculoskeletal complaints in Europe: a cross-sectional European survey.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Diagnostic delay in patients from the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis: geographic, sociodemographic and disease-related factors.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Association Between Diagnostic Delay and Economic and Clinical Burden in Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Multicentre Retrospective Observational Study.Rheumatology and therapy · 2025Article
- Canadian Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis Require Almost a Decade To Be Diagnosed Leading to Severe Functional Limitation. Results From the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (IMAS).Musculoskeletal care · 2024Article
- Axial Spondyloarthritis: an overview of the disease.Rheumatology international · 2024Review
- Regional Differences in Diagnosis Journey and Healthcare Utilization: Results from the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (IMAS).Rheumatology and therapy · 2024Article
- Clinical and imaging findings in enteropathic spondyloarthritis with special emphasize in diagnostic delay: a cross-sectional study.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2024Article
- Human Leukocyte Antigen B27-Negative Axial Spondyloarthritis: What Do We Know?ACR open rheumatology · 2023Review
- Dual-specificity phosphatases 22-deficient T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- The Impact of Spondyloarthritis on Health-Related Quality of Life and Healthcare Resource Utilization in Saudi Arabia: A Narrative Review and Directions for Future Research.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2023Review
- Drug Retention and Safety of Secukinumab in a Real-World Cohort of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Psoriatic Arthritis Patients.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The impact of gender and sex on diagnosis, treatment outcomes and health-related quality of life in patients with axial spondyloarthritis.Clinical rheumatology · 2022Review
- The Journey to Diagnose Spondyloarthritis in Patients From Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2022Article
- Does Gender Impact a Diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis?ACR open rheumatology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aims to evaluate diagnostic delay, factors which are related to diagnostic delay, and the effect of diagnostic delay on prognostic outcomes in terms of spinal and hip mobility, functional status, disease activity, quality of life, cervical rotation, tragus to wall distance, and sacroiliitis severity in an Iranian population with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). PATIENTS AND
methodsOne hundred and sixty three patients (129 males, 34 females; mean age 37.74±9.88 years; range 18 to 65 years) with AS who met modified New York 1984 criteria were enrolled consecutively in a cross sectional survey. The main outcome variable (diagnostic delay) was defined as the interval between appearance of first symptoms and correct diagnosis of AS. Enthesitis, negative human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA- B27), and educational level were among the factors of which their relationship to diagnostic delay were evaluated. The prognostic outcomes were measured using Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index, Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index, AS quality of life, Bath ankylosing spondylitis metrology index, chest expansion, and radiographic sacroiliitis severity.
resultsDiagnostic delay was mean 7.88±7.17 years. Diagnostic delay was longer in patients with enthesitis (8.80±7.27) compared to patients without enthesitis (6.04±6.66) (p=0.007) and in HLA-B27 negative patients (10.10±7.44) compared to HLA-B27 positive patients (7.14±6.96) (p=0.013). Educational level was negatively correlated with diagnostic delay (p=0.002, r= -0.24). Diagnostic delay was correlated with Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (p=0.003, r=0.23), Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (p=0.026, r=0.18), AS quality of life (p=0.008, r=0.21), Bath ankylosing spondylitis metrology index (p<0.001, r=0.41), chest expansion (p<0.001, r= - 0.38), and sacroiliitis grading (p=0.042, r=0.16).
conclusionNegative HLA-B27, enthesitis, and low educational level are factors which affect diagnostic delay in AS. Individuals with enthesitis or low educational level should be evaluated accurately without causing delay in diagnosis since longer delay may lead to poorer prognostic outcomes.
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