ArticleOncoimmunology
Anti-CTLA-4 based therapy elicits humoral immunity to galectin-3 in patients with metastatic melanoma.
Article in Oncoimmunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Predictive value of serum biomarkers for survival in melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Genetic imputation of transcriptome and proteome illuminates novel therapeutic targets of cutaneous melanoma.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Pooled it
- Phase II study of magrolimab combination therapies in patients with head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma.ESMO open · 2026Trial
- Prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy with ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Trial
- Galectin-3 exacerbates autoimmune diabetes by limiting regulatory T cell differentiation and function.Science advances · 2026Article
- NPRL2 promotes TRIM16-mediated ubiquitination degradation of Galectin-3 to prevent CD8Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Susceptibility of Melanoma Cells to Targeted Therapy Correlates with Protection by Blood Neutrophils.Cancers · 2024Article
- Do galectins serve as soluble ligands for immune checkpoint receptors?Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Advances in cell-based delivery of oncolytic viruses as therapy for lung cancer.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Review
- EDIL3 as an Angiogenic Target of Immune Exclusion Following Checkpoint Blockade.Cancer immunology research · 2023Article
- Harnessing the potential of CAR-T cell therapy: progress, challenges, and future directions in hematological and solid tumor treatments.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- A novel CTLA-4 blocking strategy based on nanobody enhances the activity of dendritic cell vaccine-stimulated antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Cell death & disease · 2023Article
- Biopterin metabolism and nitric oxide recoupling in cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Decoding Strategies to Evade Immunoregulators Galectin-1, -3, and -9 and Their Ligands as Novel Therapeutics in Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Trial watch: IDO inhibitors in cancer therapy.Oncoimmunology · 2020Review
- Trial watch: TLR3 agonists in cancer therapy.Oncoimmunology · 2020Review
- Galectins and Ovarian Cancer.Cancers · 2020Review
- Galectins as Checkpoints of the Immune System in Cancers, Their Clinical Relevance, and Implication in Clinical Trials.Biomolecules · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The combination of CTLA-4 blockade ipilimumab (Ipi) with VEGF-A blocking antibody bevacizumab (Bev) has demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes in patients with advanced melanoma. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) plays a prominent role in tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Here we report that Ipi plus Bev (Ipi-Bev) therapy increased Gal-3 antibody titers by 50% or more in approximately one third of treated patients. Antibody responses to Gal-3 were associated with higher complete and partial responses and better overall survival. Ipi alone also elicited antibody responses to Gal-3 at a frequency comparable to the Ipi-Bev combination. However, an association of elicited antibody responses to Gal-3 with clinical outcomes was not observed in Ipi alone treated patients. In contrast to being neutralized in Ipi-Bev treated patients, circulating VEGF-A increased by 100% or more in a subset of patients after Ipi treatment, with most having progressive disease. Among the Ipi treated patients with therapy-induced Gal-3 antibody increases, circulating VEGF-A was increased in 3 of 6 nonresponders but in none of 4 responders as a result of treatment. Gal-3 antibody responses occurred significantly less frequently (3.2%) in a cohort of patients receiving PD-1 blockade where high pre-treatment serum Gal-3 was associated with reduced OS and response rates. Our findings suggest that anti-CTLA-4 elicited humoral immune responses to Gal-3 in melanoma patients which may contribute to the antitumor effect in the presence of an anti-VEGF-A combination. Furthermore, pre-treatment circulating Gal-3 may potentially have prognostic and predictive value for immune checkpoint therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.