ReviewEurope's journal of psychology2018
Why Is Working Memory Performance Unstable? A Review of 21 Factors.
Review in Europe's journal of psychology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits.Human psychopharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- The effects of caffeine and d-amphetamine on spatial span task in healthy participants.PloS one · 2023Trial
- Musical Training Amplifies Food Cue-Related Interference in Working Memory.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Assessing the Impact of Different Social Media Video Content Formats on Sustained Attention and Working Memory.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Brief Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality Mindfulness Breathing Exercise for Emotional Well-Being and Cognitive Functions in University Students: Within-Subjects Experimental Design Study.JMIR XR and spatial computing · 2026Article
- The Acute Effects of Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Core Executive Functions in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Article
- State-level working memory and dysregulated eating in children and adolescents: An exploratory ecological momentary assessment study.The International journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- Exploring the dynamic interplay between learning and working memory within various cognitive contexts.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Everyday Cognitive Control and Emotion Dysregulation in Young Adults With and Without ADHD: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.Journal of attention disorders · 2023Article
- Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Working Memory Phenotypes in Early Multiple Sclerosis: Appraisal of Phenotype Frequency, Progression and Test Sensitivity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Comparing the Effects of Two Cardiovascular Health Factors on Working Memory Capacity in Healthy Aging: Separate and Combined Effects of Arterial Elasticity and Physical Fitness.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- Can dog-assisted and relaxation interventions boost spatial ability in children with and without special educational needs? A longitudinal, randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Electronic Cigarette Vaping Did Not Enhance the Neural Process of Working Memory for Regular Cigarette Smokers.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Changes in Working Memory Performance Over an Academic Semester in Student Pharmacists.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2019Article
- Physical Activity versus Psychological Stress: Effects on Salivary Cortisol and Working Memory Performance.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this paper, we systematically reviewed twenty-one factors that have been shown to either vary with or influence performance on working memory (WM) tasks. Specifically, we review previous work on the influence of intelligence, gender, age, personality, mental illnesses/medical conditions, dieting, craving, stress/anxiety, emotion/motivation, stereotype threat, temperature, mindfulness training, practice, bilingualism, musical training, altitude/hypoxia, sleep, exercise, diet, psychoactive substances, and brain stimulation on WM performance. In addition to a review of the literature, we suggest several frameworks for classifying these factors, identify shared mechanisms between several variables, and suggest areas requiring further investigation. This review critically examines the breadth of research investigating WM while synthesizing the results across related subfields in psychology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.