ArticleJournal of virology2018
The Influenza B Virus Hemagglutinin Head Domain Is Less Tolerant to Transposon Mutagenesis than That of the Influenza A Virus.
Article in Journal of virology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epistasis facilitates the long-term antigenic evolution of the influenza B virus hemagglutinin.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Influenza B mosaic HA mRNA-LNP vaccines are cross-reactive and protective in mice.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Unraveling the mechanism behind the probable extinction of the B/Yamagata lineage of influenza B viruses.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Influenza B Virus Vaccine Innovation through Computational Design.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
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- Mosaic Hemagglutinin-Based Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccines Induce Broad Protection Against Influenza B Virus Challenge in Mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Characterization of Novel Cross-Reactive Influenza B Virus Hemagglutinin Head Specific Antibodies That Lack Hemagglutination Inhibition Activity.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Genome-wide transposon mutagenesis of paramyxoviruses reveals constraints on genomic plasticity.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Enhancing Neuraminidase Immunogenicity of Influenza A Viruses by Rewiring RNA Packaging Signals.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- A Multi-Targeting, Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Influenza Virus Vaccine Provides Broad Protection in Mice.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2020Article
- An Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine Approach to Targeting the Conserved Hemagglutinin Stalk and M2e Domains.Vaccines · 2019Article
- Extending the Stalk Enhances Immunogenicity of the Influenza Virus Neuraminidase.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Development of Influenza B Universal Vaccine Candidates Using the "Mosaic" Hemagglutinin Approach.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- An Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin-Based Vaccine Platform Enables the Generation of Epitope Specific Human Cytomegalovirus Antibodies.Vaccines · 2019Article
- Chimeric Hemagglutinin-Based Influenza Virus Vaccines Induce Protective Stalk-Specific Humoral Immunity and Cellular Responses in Mice.ImmunoHorizons · 2019Article
- Antibody Responses toward the Major Antigenic Sites of Influenza B Virus Hemagglutinin in Mice, Ferrets, and Humans.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- A mosaic hemagglutinin-based influenza virus vaccine candidate protects mice from challenge with divergent H3N2 strains.NPJ vaccines · 2019Article
- Immunodominance of Antigenic Site B in the Hemagglutinin of the Current H3N2 Influenza Virus in Humans and Mice.Journal of virology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza A and B viruses can continuously evade humoral immune responses by developing mutations in the globular head of the hemagglutinin (HA) that prevent antibody binding. However, the influenza B virus HA over time displays less antigenic variation despite being functionally and structurally similar to the influenza A virus HA. To determine if the influenza B virus HA is under constraints that limit its antigenic variation, we performed a transposon screen to compare the mutational tolerance of the currently circulating influenza A virus HAs (H1 and H3 subtypes) and influenza B virus HAs (B/Victoria87 and B/Yamagata88 antigenic lineages). A library of insertional mutants for each HA was generated and deep sequenced after passaging to determine where insertions were tolerated in replicating viruses. The head domains of both viruses tolerated transposon mutagenesis, but the influenza A virus head was more tolerant to insertions than the influenza B virus head domain. Furthermore, all five of the known antigenic sites of the influenza A virus HA were tolerant of 15 nucleotide insertions, while insertions were detected in only two of the four antigenic sites in the influenza B virus head domain. Our analysis demonstrated that the influenza B virus HA is inherently less tolerant of transposon-mediated insertions than the influenza A virus HA. The reduced insertional tolerance of the influenza B virus HA may reveal genetic restrictions resulting in a lower capacity for antigenic evolution.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.