Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29899019›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2018

Effect of Change in Total Cholesterol Levels on Cardiovascular Disease Among Young Adults.

Su-Min Jeong, Seulggie Choi, Kyuwoong Kim, Sung Min Kim, Gyeongsil Lee, Seong Yong Park, Yeon-Yong Kim, Joung Sik Son, Jae-Moon Yun, Sang Min Park

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
81citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
10.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

81 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 180 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Su-Min JeongDepartment of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Seulggie ChoiDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
Kyuwoong KimDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
Sung Min KimDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
Gyeongsil LeeDepartment of Family Medicine, Health Promotion Center, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Seong Yong ParkBig Data Steering Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Korea.
Yeon-Yong KimBig Data Steering Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Korea.
Joung Sik SonDepartment of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Jae-Moon YunDepartment of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Sang Min ParkDepartment of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea smpark.snuh@gmail.com.
Seoul National University · KRSeoul National University Hospital · KRNational Health Insurance Service · KRChung-Ang University Hospital · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough high serum cholesterol in young adults is known to be a predictor for cardiovascular events, there is not enough evidence for the association of cholesterol level change with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate whether the change in cholesterol is associated with incidence of CVD among young adults. METHODS AND

resultsWe examined 2 682 045 young adults (aged 20-39 years) who had undergone 2 consecutive national health check-ups provided by Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2002 and 2005. Cholesterol levels were classified into low (<180 mg/dL), middle (180-240 mg/dL) and high (≥240 mg/dL). CVD events were defined as ≥2 days hospitalization attributable to CVD for 10 years follow-up. Increased cholesterol levels were significantly associated with elevated ischemic heart disease risk (adjusted hazard ration [aHR]=1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.03-1.42 in low-high group and aHR=1.21; 95% CI=1.15-1.27 in middle-high group) and cerebrovascular disease (CEVD) risk (aHR=1.24; 95% CI=1.05-1.47 in low-high group and aHR=1.09; 95% CI=1.02-1.16 in middle-high group). Decreased cholesterol levels were associated with reduced ischemic heart disease risk (aHR=0.91; 95% CI=0.88-0.95 in middle-low group, aHR=0.65; 95% CI=0.56-0.75 in high-low group and aHR=0.68; 95% CI=0.65-0.73 in high-middle group). Furthermore, lower cerebrovascular disease risk (aHR=0.76; 95% CI=0.62-0.92) was observed in the high-low group compared with patients with sustained high cholesterol.

conclusionsThe findings of our study indicate that increased cholesterol levels were associated with high CVD risk in young adults. Furthermore, young adults with decreased cholesterol levels had reduced risk for CVD.

Indexed as

AdultAge FactorsBiomarkersCardiovascular DiseasesCholesterolFemaleHumansHypercholesterolemiaIncidenceMalePrognosisRepublic of KoreaRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsYoung AdultBiomarkersCholesterolcardiovascular diseasecerebrovascular disease/strokecholesterolcoronary artery disease

Identifiers

PMID29899019
PMCPMC6220545
OpenAlexW2808047242

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.