ArticlePloS one2018
Association between air pollution from residential wood burning and dementia incidence in a longitudinal study in Northern Sweden.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between air pollution and cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta- analysis of global studies.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Air pollution: a latent key driving force of dementia.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Ambient air pollution and clinical dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Pooled it
- Air Pollution and Cognitive Impairment across the Life Course in Humans: A Systematic Review with Specific Focus on Income Level of Study Area.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Exposure to Air Pollution in Relation to Risk of Dementia and Related Outcomes: An Updated Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Literature.Environmental health perspectives · 2021Pooled it
- Exposure to air pollution and cognitive impairment risk: a meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies with dose-response analysis.Journal of global health · 2020Pooled it
- Air Pollution and Dementia: A Systematic Review.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2019Pooled it
- Associations of long-term exposure to source-specific PMEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Health Economic Assessment of PMInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Air Pollution and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Environmental and household factors associated with depressive symptoms in rural Kilifi County, Kenya: a machine learning analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Environmental toxins in neurodegeneration - a narrative review.Neurological research and practice · 2025Review
- Associations between air pollution and relative leukocyte telomere length among northern Swedish adults based on findings from the Betula study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Elemental Composition of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Ashes Revealed by Single Particle-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Time-of-Flight-Mass Spectrometer.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pathways to the Brain: Impact of Fine Particulate Matter Components on the Central Nervous System.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Accelerometer-based physical activity, air pollution and risk of dementia subtypes: a prospective study using UK biobank.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Robust differential gene expression patterns in the prefrontal cortex of male mice exposed to an occupationally relevant dose of laboratory-generated wildfire smoke.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2024Article
- Associations between toxicity-weighted concentrations and dementia risk: Results from the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Air Pollution as an Environmental Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.Medical research archives · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThere is highly suggestive evidence for an effect of air pollution exposure on dementia-related outcomes, but evidence is not yet present to clearly pinpoint which pollutants are the probable causal agents. The aims of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between exposures of fine ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) from residential wood burning, and vehicle exhaust, with dementia.
methodWe used data from the Betula study, a longitudinal study of dementia in Umeå, Northern Sweden. The study size was 1 806 and the participants were followed from study entry (1993-1995) to 2010. Modelled levels of source-specific fine particulate matter at the residential address were combined with information on wood stoves or wood boilers, and with validated data on dementia diagnosis and individual-level characteristics from the Betula study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate Hazard Ratios (HRs) and their 95% CIs for dementia incidence (vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease), adjusted for individual-level characteristics.
resultsThe emission of PM2.5 from local residential wood burning was associated with dementia incidence with a hazard ratio of 1.55 for a 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.00-2.41, p-value 0.05). Study participants with an address in an area with the highest quartile of PM2.5 from residential wood burning and who also had a wood-burning stove were more likely to develop dementia than those in the lower three quartiles without a wood-burning stove with hazard ratios of 1.74 (CI: 1.10-2.75, p-value 0.018). Particulate matter from traffic exhaust seemed to be associated with dementia incidence with hazard ratios of 1.66, (CI: 1.16-2.39), p-value 0.006, and 1.41 (CI: 0.97-2.23), p-value 0.07, in the third and fourth quartiles, respectively.
conclusionsIf the associations we observed are causal, then air pollution from residential wood burning, and air pollution from traffic, might be independent important risk factors for dementia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.