ArticleScientific reports2018
A System of Cytokines Encapsulated in ExtraCellular Vesicles.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 248 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
248 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of parasite-derived vesicles in modulating neutrophil responses in emerging human babesiosis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Shaping Immune Responses in the Lymph Node Microenvironment.Biology of the cell · 2026Review
- Senescent Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Therapy-Induced Senescence: Immune Remodelling and Emerging Links to Mitochondrial Stress in Cancer.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles for next-gen therapeutics and drug delivery.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Placental Extracellular Vesicles in Preeclampsia: Molecular Cargo, Pathophysiological Roles, and Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Frontiers.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Exercise-Mediated Modulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms, Microglial Crosstalk, and Translational Perspectives.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Aberrant CX3CL1-CX3CR1 Signaling Reprograms Microglial Exosome Secretion via KIFC2 to Drive Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Neurogenic heterotopic ossification: from molecular mechanisms to clinical treatment.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Frailty in People with HIV Is Linked to Inflammation, Bone Health, and T-Cell Exhaustion.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Sleep interruption aggravates sepsis by rewiring the macrophage immune response.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Harnessing extracellular vesicles for stabilized and functional IL-10 delivery in macrophage immunomodulation.Extracellular vesicle · 2026Article
- Network Rewiring in the Aging Immune System: From Chronic Inflammation to Age-Related Pathologies.Cells · 2026Review
- Review
- Novel perspectives on extracellular vesicles in autoimmune diseases: immunogenicity, inflammation, and immune surveillance.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Profiling of plasma exosome cytokines as biomarkers of severe dengue.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Extracellular vesicles derived from pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages induce an inflammatory and invasive phenotype in melanoma cells.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicle proteomic expression is influenced by mining tenure in former uranium miners.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Placenta-derived extracellular vesicles in maternal plasma of Hb Bart's fetuses.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- 3D In Vitro Models of Breast Cancer: Current Challenges and Future Prospects Toward Recapitulating the Microenvironment and Mimicking Key Processes.Advanced biology · 2025Review
188 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cytokines are soluble factors that mediate cell-cell communications in multicellular organisms. Recently, another system of cell-cell communication was discovered, which is mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). Here, we demonstrate that these two systems are not strictly separated, as many cytokines in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo are released in EV-encapsulated forms and are capable of eliciting biological effects upon contact with sensitive cells. Association with EVs is not necessarily a property of a particular cytokine but rather of a biological system and can be changed upon system activation. EV-encapsulated cytokines were not detected by standard cytokine assays. Deciphering the regulatory mechanisms of EV-encapsulation will lead to a better understanding of cell-cell communications in health and disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.