ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2018
In utero electroporation induces cell death and alters embryonic microglia morphology and expression signatures in the developing hypothalamus.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypothalamic vasopressin sex differentiation is observed by embryonic day 15 in mice and is disrupted by the xenoestrogen bisphenol A.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Advances in cellular resolution microscopy for brain imaging in rats.Neurophotonics · 2023Review
- Non-uniform temporal scaling of developmental processes in the mammalian cortex.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Microglia morphophysiological diversity and its implications for the CNS.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Optogenetics for light control of biological systems.Nature reviews. Methods primers · 2022Article
- Live-cell imaging of microglial interactions with radial glia in transgenic embryonic mouse brains using slice culture.STAR protocols · 2021Article
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- CCL2/CCR2 system in neuroepithelial radial glia progenitor cells: involvement in stimulatory, sexually dimorphic effects of maternal ethanol on embryonic development of hypothalamic peptide neurons.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
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- Review
- CCL2/CCR2 Chemokine System in Embryonic Hypothalamus: Involvement in Sexually Dimorphic Stimulatory Effects of Prenatal Ethanol Exposure on Peptide-Expressing Neurons.Neuroscience · 2020Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSince its inception in 2001, in utero electroporation (IUE) has been widely used by the neuroscience community. IUE is a technique developed to introduce plasmid DNA into embryonic mouse brains without permanently removing the embryos from the uterus. Given that IUE labels cells that line the ventricles, including radial fibers and migrating neuroblasts, this technique is an excellent tool for studying factors that govern neural cell fate determination and migration in the developing mouse brain. Whether IUE has an effect on microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), has yet to be investigated.
methodsWe used IUE and the pCIG2, pCIC-Ascl1, or pRFP-C-RS expression vectors to label radial glia lining the ventricles of the embryonic cortex and/or hypothalamus. Specifically, we conducted IUE at E14.5 and harvested the brains at E15.5 or E17.5. Immunohistochemistry, along with cytokine and chemokine analyses, were performed on embryonic brains with or without IUE exposure.
resultsIUE using the pCIG2, pCIC-Ascl1, or pRFP-C-RS vectors alone altered microglia morphology, where the majority of microglia near the ventricles were amoeboid and displayed altered expression signatures, including the upregulation of Cd45 and downregulation of P2ry12. Moreover, IUE led to increases in P2ry12
conclusionsOur results suggest that IUE might have unintended consequences of activating microglia in the embryonic brain, which could have long-term effects, particularly within the hypothalamus.
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