ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2018
Lower gastrointestinal symptoms are associated with worse glycemic control and quality of life in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 on the gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin: An open-label, single-arm, exploratory research trial.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022 · on this mapTrial
- Article
- Immune cell infiltration correlates with intestinal permeability, inflammation, and gastrointestinal symptoms in type 1 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Article
- Prevalence of Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Gastric Dysrhythmias in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Indian Populations: A Real-World Retrospective Analysis from Electrogastrography Data.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Imaging analytical technique to assess gastrointestinal motility in vivo using zebrafish larvae with diabetes mellitus-like traits.PloS one · 2024Article
- Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Type I Diabetes.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- What is the significance of a faecal elastase-1 level between 200 and 500μg/g?Frontline gastroenterology · 2023Article
- How to manage: patient with a low faecal elastase.Frontline gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Increased expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor is associated with diabetic gastroparesis.BMC gastroenterology · 2020Article
- Pathophysiology and management of diabetic gastroenteropathy.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesLower gastrointestinal symptoms are not well characterized in people with type 1 diabetes, and the effects on quality of life and glycemic control are unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of lower gastrointestinal symptoms and the effects on glycemic control and quality of life, and to investigate for underlying causes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThis is a prospective, cohort study in secondary care. Patients with type 1 diabetes completed a gastrointestinal symptom questionnaire and the Short Form 36 V.2 quality of life questionnaire and had their hemoglobin A1c measured. Patients with diarrhea were offered reassessment and investigation as per the national guidelines. Controls without diabetes were used to compare symptom prevalence and quality of life scores.
results706 with type 1 diabetes (mean age 41.9 years) and 604 controls (mean age 41.9 years) were enrolled. Gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly more frequent in type 1 diabetes compared with controls, in particular constipation (OR 2.4), diarrhea (OR 2.5), alternating bowel habit (OR 2.1), abdominal pain (OR 1.4), floating stools (OR 2.7), bloating (OR 1.4) and flatulence (OR 1.3) (all p<0.05). Previous pancreatitis was more frequent in type 1 diabetes (OR 4.6), but other gastrointestinal conditions were not. Gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with poorer glycemic control (p<0.01) and worse quality of life particularly in those with diarrhea. Investigation of those with diarrhea, including those with alternating bowel habit, (n=105), identified a cause in 72.3% with subsequent change in management.
conclusionsGastrointestinal symptoms are twice as common in type 1 diabetes and associated with poorer quality of life and glycemic control. Investigation of diarrhea in people with type 1 diabetes leads to a high yield of treatable conditions and a change in management in about three-quarters.
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