ArticleAutoimmunity2018
Race/ethnicity is an independent risk factor for autoimmune hepatitis among the San Francisco underserved.
Article in Autoimmunity, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune profiling links autoimmune hepatitis to human herpesvirus 6 and relaxin receptor antigens.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Research Gaps in African Populations.Biology · 2026Review
- The Geoepidemiology of Autoimmune Hepatitis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Pathogenesis, Non-Invasive Assessments and Treatment of Hepatic Fibrosis in Autoimmune Liver Diseases.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Review
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- Article
- Lupus and other autoimmune diseases: Epidemiology in the population of African ancestry and diagnostic and management challenges in Africa.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2024Review
- Novel autoantibody targets identified in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) by PhIP-Seq reveals pathogenic insights.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Current status of disparity in liver disease.World journal of hepatology · 2022Review
- Outcomes of pregnancy in autoimmune hepatitis: A population-based study.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2022Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of blood from autoimmune hepatitis patients reveals potential mechanisms with implications for management.PloS one · 2022Article
- Validating a novel algorithm to identify patients with autoimmune hepatitis in an administrative database.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2021Article
- Autoimmune Hepatitis in Special Populations: In Pediatrics and Across Different Ethnicities/Races.Clinical liver disease · 2019Review
- Trends of Costs and Admission Rates Among Patients Admitted With Autoimmune Hepatitis: Analysis of US Hospitals Using the NIS Database.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is more common in women and affects people of all races/ethnicities, there is currently limited information regarding the relationship between race/ethnicity and AIH, especially in the context of underserved populations. We aim to evaluate the relationship between race/ethnicity and AIH and better characterize its clinical features among different racial groups. We conducted a 15-year retrospective analysis, from January 2002 to June 2017, of patients seen at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital (ZSFG). Sixty-three AIH patients and 2049 non-AIH controls were eligible for the study. The main predictor of interest was race/ethnicity, and the main outcome of interest was AIH diagnosis; other secondary measures recorded include clinical features such as ALT, bilirubin, and biopsy fibrosis at presentation. In a multivariable model adjusting for age and sex, we found that black (OR 9.6, 95% CI 1.8-178), Latino (OR 25.0, 95% CI 5.3-448), and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) (OR 10.8, 95% CI 2.2-196) race/ethnicity were associated with increased odds of an AIH diagnosis compared to the white reference group. Among people of colour with AIH, there were no significant differences in baseline ALT (p = .45), total bilirubin at presentation (p = .06), fibrosis at presentation (p = .74), and hospitalization (p = .27). Race/ethnicity is an independent risk factor for AIH. The clinical features of AIH did not differ significantly among black, Latino, and API patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.