ArticleACS biomaterials science & engineering2017
Flexible Macromolecule versus Rigid Particle Retention in the Injected Skin and Accumulation in Draining Lymph Nodes Are Differentially Influenced by Hydrodynamic Size.
Article in ACS biomaterials science & engineering, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Controlling timing and location in vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Lymphatic immunomodulation using engineered drug delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- mRNA vaccines: immunogenicity and quality characteristics.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic cancer: from bedside to bench and back.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Review
- Preclinical evaluation of polymer encapsulated carbon-based nano and microparticles for sentinel lymph node tattooing.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Three-Dimensional Lymphatics-on-a-Chip Reveals Distinct, Size-Dependent Nanoparticle Transport Mechanisms in Lymphatic Drug Delivery.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Article
- Targeting lymph nodes for enhanced cancer vaccination: From nanotechnology to tissue engineering.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Multifunctional nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery and diagnostic applications of lymph nodes metastasis: a review of recent trends and future perspectives.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Cancer Vaccines: From the State of the Art to the Most Promising Frontiers in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- The emerging roles of long noncoding RNAs in lymphatic vascular development and disease.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- Nanotechnologies for Physiology-Informed Drug Delivery to the Lymphatic System.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2023Review
- Application of Nano-Delivery Systems in Lymph Nodes for Tumor Immunotherapy.Nano-micro letters · 2023Review
- Lymphatic-draining nanoparticles deliver Bay K8644 payload to lymphatic vessels and enhance their pumping function.Science advances · 2023Article
- Locoregional Lymphatic Delivery Systems Using Nanoparticles and Hydrogels for Anticancer Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy: Nanoformulation Engineering and Clinical Translation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Review
- Emerging vaccine nanotechnology: From defense against infection to sniping cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Review
- The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression.Medicinal research reviews · 2022Review
- Fluorescent Tracers forFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Targeting Lymphatics for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Fabrication of subunit nanovaccines by physical interaction.Science China. Technological sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Therapeutic immunomodulation in the skin, its draining lymph nodes, or both tissues simultaneously using an intradermal administration scheme is desirable for a variety of therapeutic scenarios. To inform how drug carriers comprising engineered biomaterials can be leveraged to improve treatment efficacy by enhancing the selective accumulation or retention of payload within these target tissues, we analyzed the influence of particle versus macromolecule hydrodynamic size on profiles of retention in the site of dermal injection as well as the corresponding extent of accumulation in draining lymph nodes and systemic off-target tissues. Using a panel of fluorescently labeled tracers comprising inert polymers that are resistant to hydrolysis and proteolytic degradation that span a size range of widely used drug carrier systems, we find that macromolecule but not rigid particle retention within the skin is size-dependent, whereas the relative dermal enrichment compared to systemic tissues increases with size for both tracer types. Additionally, macromolecules 10 nm in hydrodynamic size and greater accumulate in draining lymph nodes more extensively and selectively than particles, suggesting that intra- versus extracellular availability of delivered payload within draining lymph nodes may be influenced by both the size and form of engineered drug carriers. Our results inform how biomaterial-based drug carriers can be designed to enhance the selective exposure of formulated drug in target tissues to improve the therapeutic efficacy as well as minimize off-target effects of locoregional immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.