ReviewNeurobiology of stress2018
Sex differences in chronic stress responses and Alzheimer's disease.
Review in Neurobiology of stress, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Insomnia symptoms and stress exposure interact in relation to Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Does sex moderate health and Alzheimer's disease risk tied to early educational experiences? The reducing inequities through social and educational change follow-up in early adulthood extension study protocol.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Sex differences in neuromodulatory subcortical systems and their implications for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Exposure to parental depression in childhood and memory trajectories in mid- and later life.PloS one · 2026Article
- Investigating biological sex as a moderator of the association of nature exposure with brain health: a cross-sectional UK biobank analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Depressive symptoms are associated with hippocampal volume in the oldest-old: The LifeAfter90 study.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Neonatal maternal separation causes depressive-like behavior and potentiates memory impairment induced by amyloid-β oligomers in adult mice.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2025Article
- Circulating Stress Hormones, Brain Health, and Cognition in Healthy Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Findings and Sex Differences in Age-Well.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- The multiple roles of chronic stress and glucocorticoids in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
- Maternal exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics induces sex-specific cardiotoxicity in offspring mice.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- Dangers of the chronic stress response in the context of the microbiota-gut-immune-brain axis and mental health: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- A case for seeking sex-specific treatments in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Review
- Sex- and APOE-specific genetic risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from gene-gene interaction of longevity-related loci.Aging cell · 2023Article
- G protein-coupled receptors in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Search Strategy Analysis of 5xFAD Alzheimer Mice in the Morris Water Maze Reveals Sex- and Age-Specific Spatial Navigation Deficits.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Phospholipase D1 Attenuation Therapeutics Promotes Resilience against Synaptotoxicity in 12-Month-Old 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Progressive Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Anxiety and Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: focus on 5-HT and CRF systems in 3xTg-AD and TgF344-AD animal models.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Review
- Marital Loss and Cognitive Function: Does Timing Matter?The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- Sex differences in autonomic responses to stress: implications for cardiometabolic physiology.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical studies indicate that Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affects women in both disease prevalence and severity, but the mechanisms underlying this sex divergence are unknown. Though some have suggested this difference in risk is a reflection of known differences in longevity between men and women, mounting clinical and preclinical evidence supports women also having intrinsic susceptibilities towards the disease. While a number of potential risk factors have been hypothesized to affect these differences in risks, none have been definitively verified. In this review, we discuss a novel hypothesis whereby women's susceptibility to chronic stress also mediates increased risk for AD. As stress is a risk factor for AD, and women are twice as likely to develop mood disorders where stress is a major etiology, it is possible that sex dimorphisms in stress responses contribute to the increase in women with AD. In line with this, sex divergence in biochemical responses to stress have been noted along the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and among known molecular effectors of AD, with crosstalk between these processes also being likely. In addition, activation of the cortical corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF1) signaling pathway leads to distinct female-biased increases in molecules associated with AD pathogenesis. Therefore, the different biochemical responses to stress between women and men may represent an intrinsic, sex-dependent risk factor for AD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.