ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2018
Mucosal Immunity in the Female Murine Mammary Gland.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Postpartum breast cancer as a distinct oncologic entity: linking physiological tissue remodelling to tumor biology and clinical translation.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Review
- Breastfeeding shapes a unique tumor-immune landscape in pregnancy-associated breast cancer from GEICAM-EMBARCAM study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Clinical and Pathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Breast Cancer During Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Observational
- The Metabolic-Immune Axis: Amino Acids and Immune Cell Dynamics in Mammary Gland Development and Remodeling.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Investigating the Prognostic Impact of Postpartum Diagnosis in Women with De Novo Stage IV Inflammatory Breast Cancer.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization of normal and aberrant human milk production.Science advances · 2025Article
- Article
- Mammary intraepithelial lymphocytes and intestinal inputs shape T cell dynamics in lactogenesis.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Mast Cells Are Not Essential for Pubertal Mammary Gland Branching.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Reproductive state controls transcription in the murine liver, with implications for breast cancer liver metastasis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Th1 Cytokines Inhibit Acinar Morphogenesis and Milk Protein Expression in 3D Mammary Cultures.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Loss of STING impairs lactogenic differentiation.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- Immune Cell Contribution to Mammary Gland Development.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2024Review
- Altered liver metabolism post-wean abolishes efficacy of vitamin D for breast cancer prevention in a mouse model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Breast cancer and the steadily increasing maternal age: are they colliding?BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Postpartum Breast Cancer and Survival in Women With Germline BRCA Pathogenic Variants.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Article
- Staphylococcal mastitis in dairy cows.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Regulatory T cells in the face of the intestinal microbiota.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2023Review
- Single-cell and spatial analyses reveal a tradeoff between murine mammary proliferation and lineage programs associated with endocrine cues.Cell reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The mammary gland is not classically considered a mucosal organ, although it exhibits some features common to mucosal tissues. Notably, the mammary epithelium is contiguous with the external environment, is exposed to bacteria during lactation, and displays antimicrobial features. Nonetheless, immunological hallmarks predictive of mucosal function have not been demonstrated in the mammary gland, including immune tolerance to foreign Ags under homeostasis. This inquiry is important, as mucosal immunity in the mammary gland may assure infant and women's health during lactation. Further, such mucosal immune programs may protect mammary function at the expense of breast cancer promotion via decreased immune surveillance. In this study, using murine models, we evaluated mammary specific mucosal attributes focusing on two reproductive states at increased risk for foreign and self-antigen exposure: lactation and weaning-induced involution. We find a baseline mucosal program of RORγT
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.