ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2018
Epithelial IL-15 Is a Critical Regulator of γδ Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Motility within the Intestinal Mucosa.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crosstalk between the microbiota and intestinal γδ T cell compartments in health and IBD.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Article
- Stroma-specific IL-15 coordinates epithelial IL-15Rα to promote intestinal epithelial repair.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Exploring the impact of IL-2 cytokine family on skin barrier function: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Microbiota promote enhanced CD39 expression in γδ intraepithelial lymphocytes through the activation of TCR and IL-15 signaling.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Dysregulation of γδ intraepithelial lymphocytes precedes Crohn's disease-like ileitis.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Ligands for Intestinal Intraepithelial T Lymphocytes in Health and Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Distinct cell death pathways induced by granzymes collectively protect against intestinal Salmonella infection.Mucosal immunology · 2024Article
- Type I IFN Induces TCR-dependent and -independent Antimicrobial Responses in γδ Intraepithelial Lymphocytes.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Signalling mechanisms driving homeostatic and inflammatory effects of interleukin-15 on tissue lymphocytes.Discovery immunology · 2024Review
- Characterization of Bovine Intraepithelial T Lymphocytes in the Gut.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- TGF-β controls development of TCRγδCell discovery · 2023Article
- Microbiota as key factors in inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Myo1f has an essential role in γδT intraepithelial lymphocyte adhesion and migration.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Mucosal Healing in Celiac Disease: Villous Architecture and Immunohistochemical Features in Children on a Long-Term Gluten Free Diet.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Intravital Microscopy to Visualize Murine Small Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Migration.Current protocols · 2022Article
- Epithelial HVEM maintains intraepithelial T cell survival and contributes to host protection.Science immunology · 2022Article
- A transmissible γδ intraepithelial lymphocyte hyperproliferative phenotype is associated with the intestinal microbiota and confers protection against acute infection.Mucosal immunology · 2022Article
- γδ Intraepithelial Lymphocytes Facilitate Pathological Epithelial Cell Shedding Via CD103-Mediated Granzyme Release.Gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Altered Gut Microbiome and Fecal Immune Phenotype in Early Preterm Infants With Leaky Gut.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) expressing the γδ TCR (γδ IELs) provide continuous surveillance of the intestinal epithelium. However, the mechanisms regulating the basal motility of these cells within the epithelial compartment have not been well defined. We investigated whether IL-15 contributes to γδ IEL localization and migratory behavior in addition to its role in IEL differentiation and survival. Using advanced live cell imaging techniques in mice, we find that compartmentalized overexpression of IL-15 in the lamina propria shifts the distribution of γδ T cells from the epithelial compartment to the lamina propria. This mislocalization could be rescued by epithelial IL-15 overexpression, indicating that epithelial IL-15 is essential for γδ IEL migration into the epithelium. Furthermore, in vitro analyses demonstrated that exogenous IL-15 stimulates γδ IEL migration into cultured epithelial monolayers, and inhibition of IL-2Rβ significantly attenuates the basal motility of these cells. Intravital microscopy showed that impaired IL-2Rβ signaling induced γδ IEL idling within the lateral intercellular space, which resulted in increased early pathogen invasion. Similarly, the redistribution of γδ T cells to the lamina propria due to local IL-15 overproduction also enhanced bacterial translocation. These findings thus reveal a novel role for IL-15 in mediating γδ T cell localization within the intestinal mucosa and regulating γδ IEL motility and patrolling behavior as a critical component of host defense.
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