ArticleThe ocular surface2018
A new scale for the assessment of conjunctival bulbar redness.
Article in The ocular surface, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smartphone-Based Automated Quantification of Bulbar Conjunctival Hyperemia Using Vessel Density Mapping.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Effect of vicryl 7 - 0 suturing versus diathermy closure on the ocular surface after small-gauge vitrectomy: a prospective randomized study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Grading Scales of Conjunctival Inflammation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Conjunctival Bulbar Redness Extraction Pipeline for High-Resolution Ocular Surface Photography.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Statistical Evaluation of Smartphone-Based Automated Grading System for Ocular Redness Associated with Dry Eye Disease and Implications for Clinical Trials.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- An Investigation of Parturient Ocular Appearance in Sows.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Lipid, Aqueous and Mucin Tear Film Layer Stability and Permanence within 0.15% Liposome Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid versus 0.15% Non-Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Measured with a Novel Non-Invasive Ocular Surface Analyzer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Oral isotretinoin for acne vulgaris side effects on the ocular surface: Hyaluronic acid and galacto-xyloglucan as treatment for dry eye disease signs and symptoms.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Canonical Grading Scales of Corneal and Conjunctival Staining Based on Psychophysical and Physical Attributes.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Grading reliability of the tear film viscosity examination.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Article
- Ocular redness - II: Progress in development of therapeutics for the management of conjunctival hyperemia.The ocular surface · 2021Review
- Histamine-Induced Conjunctivitis and Breakdown of Blood-Tear Barrier in Dogs: A Model for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCurrent scales for assessment of bulbar conjunctival redness have limitations for evaluating digital images. We developed a scale suited for evaluating digital images and compared it to the Validated Bulbar Redness (VBR) scale.
methodsFrom a digital image database of 4889 color corrected bulbar conjunctival images, we identified 20 images with varied degrees of redness. These images, ten each of nasal and temporal views, constitute the Digital Bulbar Redness (DBR) scale. The chromaticity of these images was assessed with an established image processing algorithm. Using 100 unique, randomly selected images from the database, three trained, non-physician graders applied the DBR scale and printed VBR scale. Agreement was assessed with weighted Kappa statistics (K
resultsThe DBR scale scores provide linear increments of 10 from 10-100 when redness is measured objectively with an established image processing algorithm. Exact agreement of all graders was 38% and agreement with no more than a difference of ten units between graders was 91%. K
conclusionThe novel DBR scale, with its objective linear chromatic steps, demonstrated improved reproducibility, fewer visualization artifacts and improved ease of use over the VBR scale for assessing conjunctival redness.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.