ArticleMolecular cell2018
Cas4 Nucleases Define the PAM, Length, and Orientation of DNA Fragments Integrated at CRISPR Loci.
Article in Molecular cell, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Type III CRISPR-Cas systems preferentially acquire spacers from early-expressed phage genes in a transcription-dependent manner.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Insights into spacer acquisition of the type V-A CRISPR-Cas system of Francisella novicida U112.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Article
- Crosstalk between three CRISPR-Cas types enables primed type VI-A adaptation in Listeria seeligeri.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Discovery of CRISPR-Cas12a clades using a large language model.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Deep mutational scanning identifies Cas1 and Cas2 variants that enhance type II-A CRISPR-Cas spacer acquisition.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cyanobacterial Argonautes and Cas4 family nucleases cooperate to interfere with invading DNA.Molecular cell · 2025Article
- Functional insights into Solo-Cas4 inmicroLife · 2025Article
- Research Progress on the Mechanism and Application of the Type I CRISPR-Cas System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Methanotrophic Methanoperedens archaea host diverse and interacting extrachromosomal elements.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Isolation and Characterization of Two Novel Genera of Jumbo Bacteriophages InfectingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Diversity ofISME communications · 2024Article
- DnaQ mediates directional spacer acquisition in the CRISPR-Cas system by a time-dependent mechanism.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2023Article
- Histones direct site-specific CRISPR spacer acquisition in model archaeon.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
- Cas1-Cas2 physically and functionally interacts with DnaK to modulate CRISPR Adaptation.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Cas4/1 dual nuclease activities enable prespacer maturation and directional integration in a type I-G CRISPR-Cas system.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- CRISPR-Cas adaptation in Escherichia coli.Bioscience reports · 2023Review
- Casposons - silent heroes of the CRISPR-Cas systems evolutionary history.EXCLI journal · 2023Review
- Molecular Details of DNA Integration by CRISPR-Associated Proteins During Adaptation in Bacteria and Archaea.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To achieve adaptive and heritable immunity against viruses and other mobile genetic elements, CRISPR-Cas systems must capture and store short DNA fragments (spacers) from these foreign elements into host genomic CRISPR arrays. This process is catalyzed by conserved Cas1/Cas2 integration complexes, but the specific roles of another highly conserved protein linked to spacer acquisition, the Cas4 nuclease, are just now emerging. Here, we show that two Cas4 nucleases (Cas4-1 and Cas4-2) play critical roles in CRISPR spacer acquisition in Pyrococcus furiosus. The nuclease activities of both Cas4 proteins are required to process protospacers to the correct size. Cas4-1 specifies the upstream PAM (protospacer adjacent motif), while Cas4-2 specifies the conserved downstream motif. Both Cas4 proteins ensure CRISPR spacer integration in a defined orientation leading to CRISPR immunity. Collectively, these findings provide in vivo evidence for critical roles of Cas4 nucleases in protospacer generation and functional spacer integration at CRISPR arrays.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.