ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
A Tumor Profile in Primary Immune Deficiencies Challenges the Cancer Immune Surveillance Concept.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Of Barriers and Loops-How Evolution Limits Most Cancer Risks to Older Ages.Cancer discovery · 2026Review
- Tumor immunology: unraveling the complex interaction between tumors and the immune system: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- The unveiled face of IEI: Children Cancer Hospital-Egypt (CCHE-57357) experience.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Senescent immune cells in the tumor microenvironment: emerging insights into cancer immunotherapy resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Next-generation cancer vaccines: targeting cryptic and non-canonical antigens for precision immunotherapy.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2025Review
- Cancer Prevalence in Children with Inborn Errors of Immunity: Report from a Single Institution.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Comprehensive analysis on clinical significance and therapeutic targets of LDL receptor related protein 11 (LRP11) in liver hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Expression and Clinical Significance of Serum Krüppel-Like Factor 7 (KLF7) in NSCLC Patients.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
- Integrated spatial analysis of gene mutation and gene expression for understanding tumor diversity in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Review
- Inborn Errors of Immunity and Cancer.Biology · 2021Review
- Integrated bioinformatic analysis of HNF1A in human cancers.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Article
- Targeting Neoepitopes to Treat Solid Malignancies: Immunosurgery.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Modeling of the immune response in the pathogenesis of solid tumors and its prognostic significance.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2020Review
- The Possibilities of Immunotherapy for Children with Primary Immunodeficiencies Associated with Cancers.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Integrative Analysis of HNF1B mRNA in Human Cancers Based on Data Mining.International journal of medical sciences · 2020Article
- Genes at the Crossroad of Primary Immunodeficiencies and Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- The Pattern of Malignancies in Down Syndrome and Its Potential Context With the Immune System.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Primary Immunodeficiency and Cancer Predisposition Revisited: Embedding Two Closely Related Concepts Into an Integrative Conceptual Framework.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Under the concept of cancer immune surveillance, individuals with primary immune deficiencies would be expected to develop many more malignancies and show an excess of all types of cancers, compared to people with a normal immune system. A review of the nine most frequent and best-documented human conditions with primary immune deficiency reveals a 1.6- to 2.3-fold global increase of cancer in the largest epidemiological studies. However, the spectrum of cancer types with higher frequencies is narrow, limited mainly to lymphoma, digestive tract cancers, and virus-induced cancers. Increased lymphoma is also reported in animal models of immune deficiency. Overstimulation of leukocytes, chronic inflammation, and viruses explain this tumor profile. This raises the question of cancers being foreign organisms or tissues. Organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites as well as non-compatible grafts are seen as foreign (non-self) and identified and destroyed or rejected by the body (self). As cancer cells rarely show strong (and unique) surface antibodies, their recognition and elimination by the immune system is theoretically questionable, challenging the immune surveillance concept. In the neonatal period, the immune system is weak, but spontaneous regression and good outcomes occur for some cancers, suggesting that non-immune factors are effective in controlling cancer. The idea of cancer as a group of cells that must be destroyed and eliminated appears instead as a legacy of methods and paradigms in microbiological medicine. As an alternative approach, cancer cells could be considered part of the body and could be controlled by an embryonic and neonatal environment.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.