Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29880964›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of gastroenterology2018

NASH Leading Cause of Liver Transplant in Women: Updated Analysis of Indications For Liver Transplant and Ethnic and Gender Variances.

Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani, Catherine Bresee, Tsuyoshi Todo, Irene K Kim, Naim Alkhouri, Veronica Wendy Setiawan, Tram Tran, Walid S Ayoub, Shelly C Lu and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 300 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
300citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
39.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

300 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 570 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Clinical Outcomes and Non-Invasive Testing in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis With Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
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  20. Menopause May Partially Explain Age-Related Increased Risk of MASLD Fibrosis: A Causal Mediation Analysis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2026
    Article

240 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Mazen NoureddinFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Aarshi VipaniFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Catherine BreseeFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Tsuyoshi TodoFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Irene K KimFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Naim AlkhouriFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Veronica Wendy SetiawanFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Tram TranFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Walid S AyoubFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Shelly C LuFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Andrew S KleinFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Vinay SundaramFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Nicholas N NissenFatty Liver Program, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. These authors contributed equally: Mazen Noureddin, Aarshi Vipani.
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center · USTexas Liver Institute · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

USC/NORRIS COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER (CORE) SUPPORTP30CA014089 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Fumito Ito · 1985 to 2026
$181.4M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014089
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesChronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) was previously the leading indication for liver transplant (LT) in the United States. However, since 2014 the use of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has decreased the chronic HCV burden, while the prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has risen substantially through the last decade. Both gender and ethnic disparities in indications for LT have been shown in the past but no data on this have been reported since the implementation of DAAs.

methodsWe assessed changes in etiologies for LT listing and in gender and ethnic differences in those listed for LT. Adult patients registered for LT in the United Network for Organ Sharing/Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network database between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2016 were included. Multinomial logistic regression modeling was used to test for changes in waitlist or liver transplant rates.

resultsThe study included 127,164 adult patients registered for LT. By 2016, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was the leading etiology for waitlisting and LT; NASH was second; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to chronic HCV and chronic HCV alone were 3rd and 4th. NASH was the leading cause for LT for women and the 2nd leading cause for men (following ALD). NASH increased as the cause in all ethnic subgroups and was the leading cause in 2016 among Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white females. We also found that although the indication for liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to HCV has increased over the years, this indication decreased for the first time between 2015 and 2016 in both males and females.

conclusionsNASH is currently the second leading cause for LT waitlist registration/liver transplantation overall, and in females, the leading cause. Given the rate of increase, NASH will likely rise to become the leading indication for LT in males as well.

Indexed as

Waiting ListsAdultAgedAntiviral AgentsCarcinoma, HepatocellularCohort StudiesDatabases, FactualEthnicityFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHepatitis C, ChronicHumansLiver Diseases, AlcoholicLiver NeoplasmsLiver TransplantationMaleAntiviral Agents

Identifiers

PMID29880964
PMCPMC9083888
OpenAlexW2805977157

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.