ArticleNature communications2018
Semen inhibits Zika virus infection of cells and tissues from the anogenital region.
Article in Nature communications, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Zika virus infection in the genital tract of non-pregnant females: a systematic review.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2020Pooled it
- Seminal fluid enhances monkeypox virus infection via amyloidogenic fibrils.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Identification and Characterization of an In Silico Designed Membrane-Active Peptide with Antiviral Properties.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- Virome profiling of Aedes albopictus across urban ecosystems in Guangdong reveals sex-specific diversity.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles in arbovirus infections: from basic biology to potential clinical applications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Innate Antiviral Defense of the Male Reproductive System.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Phosphatidylserine-exposing extracellular vesicles in body fluids are an innate defence against apoptotic mimicry viral pathogens.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Editorial: Immune barrier, viral sanctuaries, and sexual transmission in the male reproductive system.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Novel Therapeutic Nutrients Molecules That Protect against Zika Virus Infection with a Special Note on Palmitoleate.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Association Between Prolonged Shedding of Zika Virus in Human Semen and Male Reproductive Tract Inflammation.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Mucosal Responses to Zika Virus Infection in Cynomolgus Macaques.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Utilization of Aminoguanidine Prevents Cytotoxic Effects of Semen.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Interferon Epsilon Signaling Confers Attenuated Zika Replication in Human Vaginal Epithelial Cells.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Macromolecular Viral Entry Inhibitors as Broad-Spectrum First-Line Antivirals with Activity against SARS-CoV-2.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Mouse circulating extracellular vesicles contain virus-derived siRNAs active in antiviral immunity.The EMBO journal · 2022Article
- Viral tropism for the testis and sexual transmission.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- A Comprehensive Insight into the Role of Exosomes in Viral Infection: Dual Faces Bearing Different Functions.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Antimicrobial Activity of Cyclic-Monomeric and Dimeric Derivatives of the Snail-Derived Peptide Cm-p5 against Viral and Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Strains.Biomolecules · 2021Article
- Zika RNA and Flavivirus-Like Antigens in the Sperm Cells of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Subjects.Viruses · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) causes severe birth defects and can be transmitted via sexual intercourse. Semen from ZIKV-infected individuals contains high viral loads and may therefore serve as an important vector for virus transmission. Here we analyze the effect of semen on ZIKV infection of cells and tissues derived from the anogenital region. ZIKV replicates in all analyzed cell lines, primary cells, and endometrial or vaginal tissues. However, in the presence of semen, infection by ZIKV and other flaviviruses is potently inhibited. We show that semen prevents ZIKV attachment to target cells, and that an extracellular vesicle preparation from semen is responsible for this anti-ZIKV activity. Our findings suggest that ZIKV transmission is limited by semen. As such, semen appears to serve as a protector against sexual ZIKV transmission, despite the availability of highly susceptible cells in the anogenital tract and high viral loads in this bodily fluid.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.