ArticlePloS one2018
Glutathione metabolism in type 2 diabetes and its relationship with microvascular complications and glycemia.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- What is the impact of ferroptosis on diabetic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review.Heart failure reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Ferroptosis in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis and Erythrocyte Glutathione Balance in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Case-Control Study.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Antioxidants in Oxidative Stress and Obesity-Associated Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Health Implications.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Glutathione Biology in Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms, Pathophysiological Roles, and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Glutamate-Glutathione axis in neuropsychiatric disorders and cancer: From shared mechanisms to non-invasive biomarkers.Redox biology · 2026Review
- DRQuantum: a drug repurposing method by quantum walks on a multi-layered heterogeneous network.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Crosstalk Between Oxidative Stress, Protein Glycation, and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in the Skin of Rats with Type 1 Diabetes: Does Insulin Administration Improve Skin Homeostasis?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mechanistic Role of Disulfidptosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
- Obesity-Related Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Properties of Natural Compounds in the Enteric Nervous System: A Literature Overview.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with distinct post-treatment metabolic profiles in pulmonary tuberculosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Research on the mechanism of cow milk protein dietary intervention in ameliorating systemic chronic inflammation in type 2 diabetes by disrupting the ROS-M1 macrophage axis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Profiling endothelial function, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in individuals with various cardiovascular risk factors: the African-PREDICT study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Sulfur-Dependent Disulfide Bond Disruption in Insulin Resistance: A Hypothesis.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Article
- Redox Regulation of Microvascular Physiology and Pathophysiology: Insights into Therapeutic Strategies and Limitations.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2025Review
- Metabolomics and nutrient intake reveal metabolite-nutrient interactions in metabolic syndrome: insights from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Differential Effects of Losartan and Finerenone on Diabetic Remodeling, Oxidative Stress and ACE Activity in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Metabolomics in cardiometabolic diseases: Key biomarkers and therapeutic implications for insulin resistance and diabetes.Journal of internal medicine · 2025Review
- Taurine as a supplement for treating type II diabetes mellitus with metformin and DPP4 inhibitor.Scientific reports · 2025Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/hypothesesWe hypothesized that there is decreased synthesis of glutathione (GSH) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) especially in the presence of microvascular complications, and this is dependent on the degree of hyperglycemia.
methodsIn this case-control study, we recruited 16 patients with T2DM (7 without and 9 with microvascular complications), and 8 age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls. We measured GSH synthesis rate using an infusion of [2H2]-glycine as isotopic tracer and collection of blood samples for liquid chromatography mass spectrometric analysis.
resultsCompared to the controls, T2DM patients had lower erythrocyte GSH concentrations (0.90 ± 0.42 vs. 0.35 ± 0.30 mmol/L; P = 0.001) and absolute synthesis rates (1.03 ± 0.55 vs. 0.50 ± 0.69 mmol/L/day; P = 0.01), but not fractional synthesis rates (114 ± 45 vs. 143 ± 82%/day; P = 0.07). The magnitudes of changes in patients with complications were greater for both GSH concentrations and absolute synthesis rates (P-values ≤ 0.01) compared to controls. There were no differences in GSH concentrations and synthesis rates between T2DM patients with and without complications (P-values > 0.1). Fasting glucose and HbA1c did not correlate with GSH concentration or synthesis rates (P-values > 0.17).
conclusionsCompared to non-diabetic controls, patients with T2DM have glutathione deficiency, especially if they have microvascular complications. This is probably due to reduced synthesis and increased irreversible utilization by non-glycemic mechanisms.
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