ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2018
Alemtuzumab-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction Exhibits Distinctive Clinical and Immunological Features.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medication-associated thyroid eye disease: a review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Pooled it
- Risk of secondary autoimmune diseases with alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Alemtuzumab-induced thyroid events in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2020Pooled it
- Alemtuzumab-Induced Graves' Disease Complicated by Pretibial Myxoedema: A Case Report.Case reports in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Graves' orbitopathy following Alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and real-world insights.Thyroid research · 2025Review
- Case Reports of Teprotumumab as Treatment for Monoclonal Antibody-Induced Thyroid Orbitopathy.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Article
- Clinical management of alemtuzumab-induced autoimmune thyroid diseases: a narrative review.European thyroid journal · 2025Review
- Review
- Management of alemtuzumab-induced Graves' disease in pregnancy: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- New autoimmune disorder development after immune reconstitution therapy for multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Alemtuzumab-induced thyroid eye disease successfully treated with a single low dose of rituximab.European thyroid journal · 2024Article
- Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of Alemtuzumab-Induced Graves Disease.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Thyroid and Adrenal Dysfunction in Hemoglobinopathies Before and After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- Thyroid autoimmunity following alemtuzumab treatment in multiple sclerosis patients: a prospective study.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Article
- [Alemtuzumab-induced Graves' disease].Problemy endokrinologii · 2023Article
- The role of autoimmune antibodies to predict secondary autoimmunity in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with alemtuzumab: A nationwide prospective survey.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Current concepts regarding Graves' orbitopathy.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- Antibody Therapies in Autoimmune Neuromuscular Junction Disorders: Approach to Myasthenic Crisis and Chronic Management.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Review
- Alemtuzumab-Induced Autoimmune Thyroid Dysfunction.Cureus · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Context: Alemtuzumab, a highly effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), predisposes to Graves disease (GD), with a reportedly indolent course. Objective: To determine the type, frequency, and course of thyroid dysfunction (TD) in a cohort of alemtuzumab-treated patients with MS in the United Kingdom. Design: Case records of alemtuzumab-treated patients who developed TD were reviewed. Results: A total of 41.1% (102 out of 248; 80 female and 22 male) of patients developed TD, principally GD (71.6%). Median onset was 17 months (range 2 to 107) following the last dose, with the majority (89%) within 3 years. Follow-up data (range 6 to 251 months) were available in 71 case subjects, of whom 52 (73.2%) developed GD: 10 of these (19.2%) had fluctuating TD. All 52 patients with GD commenced antithyroid drugs (ATDs): 3 required radioiodine (RAI) due to ATD side effects, and drug therapy is ongoing in 2; of those who completed a course, 16 are in remission, 1 developed spontaneous hypothyroidism, and 30 (64%) required definitive or long-term treatment (RAI, n = 17; thyroidectomy, n = 5; and long-term ATDs, n = 8). Three cases of thyroiditis and 16 cases of hypothyroidism were documented: 5 with antithyroid peroxidase antibody positivity only, 10 with positive TSH receptor antibody (TRAb), and 1 of uncertain etiology. Bioassay confirmed both stimulating and blocking TRAb in a subset of fluctuating GD cases. Conclusions: Contrary to published literature, we recorded frequent occurrence of GD that required definitive or prolonged ATD treatment. Furthermore, fluctuating thyroid status in GD and unexpectedly high frequency of TRAb-positive hypothyroidism suggested changing activity of TRAb in this clinical context; we have documented the existence of both blocking and stimulating TRAb in these patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.