SynthesisThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2018
Metrics to assess the quantity of antibiotic use in the outpatient setting: a systematic review followed by an international multidisciplinary consensus procedure.
Synthesis in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Dental Antibiotic Stewardship Interventions.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Quality indicators assessing antibiotic use in the outpatient setting: a systematic review followed by an international multidisciplinary consensus procedure.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2018Pooled it
- Towards a global definition of responsible antibiotic use: results of an international multidisciplinary consensus procedure.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2018Pooled it
- Variation in antibiotic use among and within different settings: a systematic review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2018Pooled it
- Psychotropic dispensing in Greek adolescents and young adults: national trends and regional variation.Frontiers in drug safety and regulation · 2026Article
- Establishing Priority Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions in the US: Findings from a Delphi Consensus Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Development and assessment of the outpatient module of the Global-PPS: a standardized approach for measuring outpatient antimicrobial prescribing.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Antibiotic Prescribing by Dental Practitioners Across the United Kingdom's Four Countries: A Pharmacoepidemiological Study of Population-Level Dispensing Data, 2016-2023.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2025Article
- Identifying AWaRe indicators for appropriate antibiotic use: a narrative review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Review
- Setting targets for antibiotic use in general practice in Europe: A scoping review.The European journal of general practice · 2024Article
- Identifying General Practitioners' Antibiotic Prescribing Profiles Based on National Health Reimbursement Data.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Stewardship in Pediatric Emergency Medicine: A Narrative Exploration of Antibiotic Overprescribing, Stewardship Interventions, and Performance Metrics.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The preventative effects ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Antibiotic prescriptions among dentists across Norway and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic.BMC oral health · 2023Article
- International Consensus on a Dental Antibiotic Stewardship Core Outcome Set.International dental journal · 2023Review
- In-hospital antibiotic use for severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: a retrospective observational study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Observational
- Regional and national antimicrobial stewardship activities: a survey from the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance-Primary Care Antibiotic Audit and Feedback Network (JPIAMR-PAAN).JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Article
- Expert consensus on monitoring antimicrobial stewardship in French nursing homes using assessed reimbursement database indicators.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Article
- Patterns of dental antibiotic prescribing in 2017: Australia, England, United States, and British Columbia (Canada).Infection control and hospital epidemiology · 2022Article
- Correlation between Antibiotic Consumption and Resistance of InvasiveAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The international Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) project DRIVE-AB (Driving Reinvestment in Research and Development and Responsible Antibiotic Use) aims to develop a global definition of 'responsible' antibiotic use. Objectives: To identify consensually validated quantity metrics for antibiotic use in the outpatient setting. Methods: First, outpatient quantity metrics (OQMs) were identified by a systematic search of literature and web sites published until 12 December 2014. Identified OQMs were evaluated by a multidisciplinary, international stakeholder panel using a RAND-modified Delphi procedure. Two online questionnaires and a face-to-face meeting between them were conducted to assess OQM relevance for measuring the quantity of antibiotic use on a nine-point Likert scale, to add comments or to propose new metrics. Results: A total of 597 articles were screened, 177 studies met criteria for full-text screening and 138 were finally included. Twenty different OQMs were identified and appraised by 23 stakeholders. During the first survey, 14 OQMs were excluded and 6 qualified for discussion. During the face-to-face meeting, 10 stakeholders retained five OQMs and suggestions were made considering context and combination of metrics. The final set of metrics included defined daily doses, treatments/courses and prescriptions per defined population, treatments/courses and prescriptions per defined number of physician contacts and seasonal variation of total antibiotic use. Conclusions: A small set of consensually validated metrics to assess the quantity of antibiotic use in the outpatient setting was obtained, enabling (inter)national comparisons. The OQMs will help build a global conceptual framework for responsible antibiotic use.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.