ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2018
Influenza Virus Infectivity Is Retained in Aerosols and Droplets Independent of Relative Humidity.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2 air sampling: A systematic review on the methodologies for detection and infectivity.Indoor air · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Interventions to reduce contaminated aerosols produced during dental procedures for preventing infectious diseases.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Pediatric Airway Management in COVID-19 Patients: Consensus Guidelines From the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia's Pediatric Difficult Intubation Collaborative and the Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society.Anesthesia and analgesia · 2020Guideline
- Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment.PLoS pathogens · 2020Trial
- Mucins and Respiratory Virus Infection.Annual review of virology · 2026Review
- Environmental temperature and relative humidity shape post-emission aerosol fate and airborne influenza transmission.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Intermediate Relative Humidity Preserves Respiratory Syncytial Virus via a Semi-Solid Bioaerosol State.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Condensate-Like Organization in Respiratory Aerosols Modulates the Dynamics of an Airborne Virus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Organic components modulate the morphology of respirable aerovirology-relevant aerosols.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2026Article
- Dairy Sites with Milk Exposure Are Most Likely to Have Detection of Influenza A Virus.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Fatal human H3N8 influenza virus has a moderate pandemic risk.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Organic Components Modulate the Morphology of Respirable Aerovirology-Relevant Aerosols.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Spray-Dried Inhalable Favipiravir Dry Powder Formulation for Influenza Therapy: Preparation andCurrent drug delivery · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Fatal Human H3N8 Influenza Virus has a Moderate Pandemic Risk.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Comparative characterization of bronchial and nasal mucus reveals key determinants of influenza A virus inhibition.mSphere · 2025Article
- Dairy Environments with Milk Exposure are Most Likely to Have Detection of Influenza A Virus.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pandemic and seasonal influenza viruses can be transmitted through aerosols and droplets, in which viruses must remain stable and infectious across a wide range of environmental conditions. Using humidity-controlled chambers, we studied the impact of relative humidity on the stability of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus in suspended aerosols and stationary droplets. Contrary to the prevailing paradigm that humidity modulates the stability of respiratory viruses in aerosols, we found that viruses supplemented with material from the apical surface of differentiated primary human airway epithelial cells remained equally infectious for 1 hour at all relative humidities tested. This sustained infectivity was observed in both fine aerosols and stationary droplets. Our data suggest, for the first time, that influenza viruses remain highly stable and infectious in aerosols across a wide range of relative humidities. These results have significant implications for understanding the mechanisms of transmission of influenza and its seasonality.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.