ArticleFood science & nutrition2018
Enhancing the fatty acid profile of milk through forage-based rations, with nutrition modeling of diet outcomes.
Article in Food science & nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Whole-Fat or Reduced-Fat Dairy Product Intake, Adiposity, and Cardiometabolic Health in Children: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Functional Classification of Tropical Cattle Feeding Systems Reveals Consistent Associations with Dairy Lipid Quality, Enteric Methane Emissions, and Preclinical Metabolic Outcomes: A Multi-Study Narrative Synthesis.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- An economic analysis of interseeding of pasture and feeding legume forages to dairy cows in an organic system.JDS communications · 2026Article
- Milk Lipids as Bioactive Modulators of the Bacterial Proteome: Mechanisms Linking Dairy Management to Microbial Performance.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Biochemical Battle: Influence of Omega-6 Fatty Acids on the Formation of DNA Adducts with 4-HNE.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Production, Composition and Nutritional Properties of Organic Milk: A Critical Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effects ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Effects of Agricultural Intensification on Mediterranean Diets: A Narrative Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Feeding Corn Silage or Grass Hay as Sole Dietary Forage Sources: Overall Mechanism of Forages Regulating Health-Promoting Fatty Acid Status in Milk of Dairy Cows.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Ambient mass spectrometry for rapid authentication of milk from Alpine or lowland forage.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Production performance, nutrient use efficiency, and predicted enteric methane emissions in dairy cows under confinement or grazing management system.Translational animal science · 2022Review
- Nutritional Benefits from Fatty Acids in Organic and Grass-Fed Beef.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Characterization of Fat Quality in Cow Milk from Alpine Farms as Influenced by Seasonal Variations of Diets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Multivariate modelling of milk fatty acid profile to discriminate the forages in dairy cows' ration.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Organic versus Conventional Raw Cow Milk as Material for Processing.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Milk Fatty Acid Profiles in Different Animal Species: Focus on the Potential Effect of Selected PUFAs on Metabolism and Brain Functions.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Energy, Macronutrients, Dietary Fibre and Salt Intakes in Older Adults in Ireland: Key Sources and Compliance with Recommendations.Nutrients · 2021Article
- A modelling approach to investigate the impact of consumption of three different beef compositions on human dietary fat intakes.Public health nutrition · 2020Article
- Meeting Breeding Potential in Organic and Low-Input Dairy Farming.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Consumer demand for milk and meat from grass-fed cattle is growing, driven mostly by perceived health benefits and concerns about animal welfare. In a U. S.-wide study of 1,163 milk samples collected over 3 years, we quantified the fatty acid profile in milk from cows fed a nearly 100% forage-based diet (grassmilk) and compared it to profiles from a similar nationwide study of milk from cows under conventional and organic management. We also explored how much the observed differences might help reverse the large changes in fatty acid intakes that have occurred in the United States over the last century. Key features of the fatty acid profile of milk fat include its omega-6/omega-3 ratio (lower is desirable), and amounts of total omega-3, conjugated linoleic acid, and long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. For each, we find that grassmilk is markedly different than both organic and conventional milk. The omega-6/omega-3 ratios were, respectively, 0.95, 2.28, and 5.77 in grassmilk, organic, and conventional milk; total omega-3 levels were 0.049, 0.032, and 0.020 g/100 g milk; total conjugated linoleic acid levels were 0.043, 0.023, and 0.019 g/100 g milk; and eicosapentaenoic acid levels were 0.0036, 0.0033, and 0.0025 g/100 g milk. Because of often high per-capita dairy consumption relative to most other sources of omega-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid, these differences in grassmilk can help restore a historical balance of fatty acids and potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular and other metabolic diseases. Although oily fish have superior concentrations of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, most fish have low levels of α-linolenic acid (the major omega-3), and an omega-6/omega-3 ratio near 7. Moreover, fish is not consumed regularly, or at all, by ~70% of the U. S. POPULATION:
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