Trial reportBMC anesthesiology2018
Comparative addition of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl to intrathecal bupivacaine in orthopedic procedure in lower limbs.
Trial report in BMC anesthesiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07105527 (Dexmedetomidine During Carotid Endarterectomy), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Dexmedetomidine During Carotid Endarterectomy: a Registry on Safety and Satisfaction of Patients and Operators (DexTEA)
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and impact of intravenous magnesium sulfate in spinal surgery systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Subarachnoid and epidural dexmedetomidine for the prevention of post-anesthetic shivering: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Drug design, development and therapy · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of intrathecal adjuvants in lower limb orthopaedic surgery: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Review
- Article
- Dexmedetomidine in Spinal Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery: Extending Analgesia Beyond the Operating Room.Cureus · 2025Article
- Article
- Pain Management Following Intracavitary Brachytherapy Procedures: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Incidence and factors associated with failed spinal anaesthesia among patients undergoing surgery: a multi- center prospective observational study.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Observational
- Effect of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl on hemodynamic changes and block profile following spinal anesthesia with ropivacaine among patients with femoral fractures undergoing lower limb surgery.European journal of translational myology · 2023Article
- Dexmedetomidine or Fentanyl, Which One Is Better as an Adjunct Drug in Epidural Anesthesia and Causes More Postoperative Pain Reduction? A Comparative Study, a Randomized Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2023Article
- Review
- Comparing the Effect of Intrathecal Injection of Meperidine, Meperidine-Bupivacaine, and Bupivacaine Alone on Pain Severity and Hemodynamic Parameters after Elective Cesarean Section.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2022Article
- Effect of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Shivering in Cesarean Section under Intrathecal Anesthesia: Randomized Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2022Article
- A comparison of fentanyl, dexmedetomidine and combination of fentanyl with dexmedetomidine on the quality of subarachnoid block and postoperative analgesia: A double-blind controlled study.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2022Article
- Comparison of Intercostal Nerve Block with Ropivacaine and Ropivacaine-Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Thoracotomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Article
- Adding Dexmedetomidine to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block for Pain Management after Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Article
- Effect of Different Loading Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Controlled Hypotension and the Incidence of Bradycardia During Rhinoplasty: A Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Article
- Nuts and Bolts of Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Pain After Hip Fracture for Everyday Anesthetist.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Review
- Comparison of Epidural Dexmedetomidine Versus Ropivacaine Infusion Effectiveness in Preventing Erection Following Reconstructive Urethral Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Article
- The Effect of Intrathecal Injection of Dextromethorphan on the Experimental Neuropathic Pain Model.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSpinal block is a common procedure for lower limbs surgery. Fentanyl, a synthetic opioid and dexmedetomidine, a selective α2 agonist have been used as adjuvants in spinal anesthesia to prolong intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. The aim of current study is to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl added to intrathecal bupivacaine in orthopedic procedures in lower limbs.
methodsIn this randomized clinical trial, 90 patients undergoing elective lower limb surgeries were randomly allocated to three groups. Via intrathecal approach, the patients received 2.5 ml hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% plus 5 micrograms dexmedetomidine (BD group), 25 micrograms fentanyl (BF group) or 0.5 ml normal saline (BN group), respectively. Time to reach the complete motor block, the highest sensory level, regression from block, analgesic request and duration of the drug effect, hemodynamic changes and side effects were compared between the groups.
resultsThere was no significant difference between the groups regrading time to reach complete motor block, but time to reach the highest sensory level was shorter in group BD than group BF (6.28 ± 1.75 vs. 7.17 ± 1.45, p = 0.03). Group BD had significantly lower mean of NRS 6 h after operation (1.90 ± 0.84 vs. 6.16 ± 1.44 vs. 6.30 ± 1.17, p < 0.001) and longer duration to regress to Bromage 0 (331.60 ± 73.96 vs. 185.56 ± 35.87 vs. 147.03 ± 33.05 min, p < 0.001), to analgesic request (496.63 ± 70.19 vs. 296.33 ± 44.83 vs. 221.83 ± 22.26 min, p < 0.001), to regress two sensory levels (149.00 ± 23.17 vs. 88.90 ± 12.85 vs. 69.33 ± 6.67 min, p < 0.001) and to regress to S1 (560.53 ± 81.86 vs. 329.83 ± 44.10 vs. 241.83 ± 22.26 min, p < 0.001). Serial changes in SBP (p = 0.006), DBP (p = 0.03) and HR (p = 0.002) in group BF were significantly higher than the other two groups. The three groups had comparable side effects.
conclusionsUsing dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia in lower limb surgeries has longer duration of sensory and motor block and longer postoperative analgesia.
trial registrationIRCT registration number: IRCT2017041010599N15 , 24 May 2017.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.