Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29874833›Full record

ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2018

Open-Ended Coaxial Probe Technique for Dielectric Measurement of Biological Tissues: Challenges and Common Practices.

Alessandra La Gioia, Emily Porter, Ilja Merunka, Atif Shahzad, Saqib Salahuddin, Marggie Jones, Martin O'Halloran

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Origin of Dielectric Permittivity in Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Microwave Sensing and Imaging Technology in Food Applications: A Comprehensive Review.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Nurses' Insights and Experiences in Palliative Chemotherapy Care.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Alessandra La GioiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. a.lagioia1@nuigalway.ie.ORCID 0000-0002-1996-6767
Emily PorterDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. emily.porter@nuigalway.ie.ORCID 0000-0002-7787-3139
Ilja MerunkaDepartment of Electromagnetic Field, Czech Technical University in Prague, 166 27 Prague, Czech Republic. IljaMerunka@seznam.cz.
Atif ShahzadDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. atifshahzad.m@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-4741-4302
Saqib SalahuddinDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. s.salah-ud-din1@nuigalway.ie.
Marggie JonesDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. marggie.jones@gmail.com.
Martin O'HalloranDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. martin.ohalloran@nuigalway.ie.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Electromagnetic (EM) medical technologies are rapidly expanding worldwide for both diagnostics and therapeutics. As these technologies are low-cost and minimally invasive, they have been the focus of significant research efforts in recent years. Such technologies are often based on the assumption that there is a contrast in the dielectric properties of different tissue types or that the properties of particular tissues fall within a defined range. Thus, accurate knowledge of the dielectric properties of biological tissues is fundamental to EM medical technologies. Over the past decades, numerous studies were conducted to expand the dielectric repository of biological tissues. However, dielectric data is not yet available for every tissue type and at every temperature and frequency. For this reason, dielectric measurements may be performed by researchers who are not specialists in the acquisition of tissue dielectric properties. To this end, this paper reviews the tissue dielectric measurement process performed with an open-ended coaxial probe. Given the high number of factors, including equipment- and tissue-related confounders, that can increase the measurement uncertainty or introduce errors into the tissue dielectric data, this work discusses each step of the coaxial probe measurement procedure, highlighting common practices, challenges, and techniques for controlling and compensating for confounders.

Indexed as

biological tissuesdielectric measurementsequipment-related confoundersopen-ended coaxial probetissue-related confounders

Identifiers

PMID29874833
PMCPMC6023382

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.