SynthesisChildhood obesity (Print)2018
Executive and Reward-Related Function in Pediatric Obesity: A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Childhood obesity (Print), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Loss of Control over Eating, Inhibitory Control, and Reward Sensitivity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- A brief bout of moderate intensity physical activity improves preadolescent children's behavioral inhibition but does not change their energy intake.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Trial
- How does body mass influence inhibitory control? Event-related potentials evidence across the full BMI spectrum.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Neural correlates of inhibitory control during a simple food go/no-go task in adolescents varying in familial obesity risk.NeuroImage · 2025Article
- Body mass index, internalizing behavior and executive function: examining trait-state effects from age 2 to 15.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Article
- Inhibitory control mediates the association between body mass index and math performance in children: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Children at high familial risk for obesity show executive functioning deficits prior to development of excess weight status.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Article
- Current and future pharmacotherapies for obesity in children and adolescents.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Paediatric obesity and metabolic syndrome associations with cognition and the brain in youth: Current evidence and future directions.Pediatric obesity · 2023Review
- Children with lower ratings of executive functions have a greater response to the portion size effect.Appetite · 2023Article
- Neurobehavioral phenotypes of delay discounting and cognitive control in child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obesity: Shared or distinct?Pediatric obesity · 2023Article
- Associations between waist circumference and executive function among Chinese Tibetan adolescents living at high altitude.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Metabolism and memory: α-synuclein level in children with obesity and children with type 1 diabetes; relation to glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity and executive functions.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Article
- General and Food-Specific Impulsivity and Inhibition Related to Weight Management.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
- Article
- Association Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Executive Function Among Chinese Tibetan Adolescents at High Altitude.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Associations between the Mediterranean Diet Pattern and Weight Status and Cognitive Development in Preschool Children.Nutrients · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study examined the effect of pediatric obesity on executive function and reward-related decision-making, cognitive processes that are relevant to obesogenic behaviors, and evaluated their association with sample (e.g., age, gender, intelligence, and socioeconomic status, SES) and study/task (e.g., categorical/continuous variable, food stimuli) characteristics.
methodsA random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using Hedge's g effect sizes of published studies from 1960 to 2016, limited to children younger than the age of 21 years without medical comorbidities. Analysis included estimation of heterogeneity (τ
resultsAcross 68 studies with 70 samples, obesity was associated with worse functioning overall (-0.24; 95CI: -0.30 to -0.19; p < 0.001) and for each component process (attention, switching, inhibition, interference, working memory, reward, delay of gratification: -0.19 to -0.38; p's < 0.017), except trait impulsivity (-0.06; 95CI: -0.18 to 0.07). Deficits increased with age and female composition of the sample for inhibition (p = 0.002). No other characteristics moderated effect of obesity.
conclusionsSmall-to-moderate negative associations with obesity were observed for executive and reward-related performance, but not on reported impulsivity in studies with children younger than the age of 21 years. These results were not moderated by IQ, SES, and study/task characteristics. Age and gender moderated association with inhibition, with a larger obesity-related deficit in older and predominantly female samples. These results suggest cognitive and demographic intervention targets for prevention and mitigation of obesogenic behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.