ArticleJournal of experimental botany2018
Three cytosolic glutamine synthetase isoforms localized in different-order veins act together for N remobilization and seed filling in Arabidopsis.
Article in Journal of experimental botany, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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29 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutamine synthetase GLN1;5 and ACT domain repeat ACR1 functionally interact at the seed level in Arabidopsis thaliana.Protoplasma · 2026Article
- HHO5 orchestrates dose-dependent feedback regulation of organic versus inorganic nitrogen signaling in Arabidopsis.The Plant cell · 2026Article
- Phylogenetic reconciliation provides new insights into the evolutionary diversification of the glutamine synthetase gene family in seed plants.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- Live-Cell Imaging of Fluorescently-Tagged Phloem Proteins with Confocal Microscopy.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Identification and characterization of the glutamine synthetase gene family in oat (Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
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- Dissection of the spatial dynamics of biosynthesis, transport, and turnover of major amino acids in tea plants (Horticulture research · 2024Article
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- CEP hormones at the nexus of nutrient acquisition and allocation, root development, and plant-microbe interactions.Journal of experimental botany · 2024Review
- Thermal Synthesis of Carbamic Acid and Its Dimer in Interstellar Ices: A Reservoir of Interstellar Amino Acids.ACS central science · 2023Article
- Influence of Nitrogen on Grapevine Susceptibility to Downy Mildew.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Improving crop yield potential: Underlying biological processes and future prospects.Food and energy security · 2023Review
- Deciphering the Genetic Basis of Root and Biomass Traits in Rapeseed (International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- New Insight into Aspartate Metabolic Pathways inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A New Perspective on the Role of Glutamine Synthetase in Nitrogen Remobilization in Wheat (International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Evolutionarily informed machine learning enhances the power of predictive gene-to-phenotype relationships.Nature communications · 2021Article
- The phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis links plant growth with nitrogen metabolism.Plant physiology · 2021Article
- Localization, Gene Expression, and Functions of Glutamine Synthetase Isozymes in Wheat Grain (Frontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Nonaqueous fractionation and overexpression of fluorescent-tagged enzymes reveals the subcellular sites of L-theanine biosynthesis in tea.Plant biotechnology journal · 2021Article
- Nitrogen Regulating the Expression and Localization of Four Glutamine Synthetase Isoforms in Wheat (International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
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13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glutamine synthetase (GS) is central for ammonium assimilation and consists of cytosolic (GS1) and chloroplastic (GS2) isoenzymes. During plant ageing, GS2 protein decreases due to chloroplast degradation, and GS1 activity increases to support glutamine biosynthesis and N remobilization from senescing leaves. The role of the different Arabidopsis GS1 isoforms in nitrogen remobilization was examined using 15N tracing experiments. Only the gln1;1-gln1;2-gln1;3 triple-mutation affecting the three GLN1;1, GLN1;2, and GLN1;3 genes significantly reduced N remobilization, total seed yield, individual seed weight, harvest index, and vegetative biomass. The triple-mutant accumulated a large amount of ammonium that could not be assimilated by GS1. Alternative ammonium assimilation through asparagine biosynthesis was increased and was related to higher ASN2 asparagine synthetase transcript levels. The GS2 transcript, protein, and activity levels were also increased to compensate for the lack of GS1-related glutamine biosynthesis. Localization of the different GLN1 genes showed that they were all expressed in the phloem companion cells but in veins of different order. Our results demonstrate that glutamine biosynthesis for N-remobilization occurs in veins of all orders (major and minor) in leaves, it is mainly catalysed by the three major GS1 isoforms (GLN1;1, GLN1;2, and GLN1;3), and it is alternatively supported by AS2 in the veins and GS2 in the mesophyll cells.
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