Observational studyPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2018
Waist-to-height ratio, body mass index, and cardiovascular risk profile in children with chronic kidney disease.
Observational study in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00327860 (Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Prospective Cohort Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Prospective Cohort Study (CKiD)
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Obesity and Associated Risk Factors and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities in Rural Northeast China.BioMed research international · 2019Trial
- Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients-A Cross-Sectional Study.Pediatric transplantation · 2026Article
- Association between blood pressure and waist-to-height ratio in schoolchildren aged 6 to 8 years in the Valparaíso Region, Chile.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Obesity and metabolic syndrome in a diverse pediatric kidney transplant population: which anthropometric measure best predicts arterial stiffness?Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Growth hormone in pediatric chronic kidney disease: more than just height.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Review
- Cardiometabolic Risk Assessment in a Cohort of Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Hyperinsulinemia.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Malnutrition Patterns in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Performance of different adiposity measures for predicting left ventricular remodeling in Chinese hypertensive youth.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Assessment of nutritional status in children with kidney diseases-clinical practice recommendations from the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Association between relative fat mass, uric acid, and insulin resistance in children with chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Article
- Association Between Secondary Hyperparathyroidism and Body Composition in Pediatric Patients With Moderate and Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Update on the Crosstalk Between Adipose Tissue and Mineral Balance in General Population and Chronic Kidney Disease.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Diagnosis of Waist Muscle Injury after Exercise Based on High-Frequency Ultrasound Image.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2021Article
- Adiposity, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children With CKD: A Longitudinal Study of Youth Enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2020Observational
- CirculatingFrontiers in pediatrics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular (CV) risk is high in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and further compounded in those who are overweight. Children with CKD have a unique body habitus not accurately assessed by body mass index (BMI). Waist-to-height ratio (WHr), a better predictor of CV risk in populations with short stature, has not been investigated in children with CKD.
methodsAnalysis of 1723 visits of 593 participants enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study was conducted. CKiD participants had BMI and WHr measured and classified as follows: (1) lean (WHr ≤ 0.49, BMI < 85th percentile); (2) WHr-overweight (WHr > 0.49, BMI < 85th percentile); (3) BMI-overweight (WHr ≤ 0.49, BMI ≥ 85th percentile); or (4) overweight by both BMI and WHr. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI), fasting lipids, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), blood pressure, and glucose were measured as markers of CV risk. Linear mixed-effects regression was used to evaluate differences in CV markers between overweight and lean groups.
resultsParticipants were 12.2 years old, 60% male, and 17% African-American. Approximately 15% were overweight by WHr but not by BMI. Overweight status by WHr-only or both WHr and BMI was associated with lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and higher LVMI, triglycerides, and non-HDL cholesterol compared to lean. CV markers of participants overweight by BMI-only were similar to those of lean children.
conclusionsWHr-adiposity is associated with an adverse CV risk profile in children with CKD. A significant proportion of children with central adiposity are missed by BMI. WHr should be utilized as a screening tool for CV risk in this population.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.