ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2018
Estimating the Impact of Changes to Occupational Standards for Silica Exposure on Lung Cancer Mortality.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Occupational exposure to silica and risk of heart disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions to Reduce Exposures in the Workplace: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies Over Six Decades, 1960-2019.Frontiers in public health · 2020Pooled it
- Occupational exposures and kidney cancer among 25 000 male offshore petroleum industry workers: relative risks and healthy worker survivor bias.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Impact of interventions to prevent asbestos-related respiratory disease in an exposed worker registry using a simplified G-computation.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- The future burden of silicosis and lung cancer among tunnel construction workers in Queensland.Annals of work exposures and health · 2025Article
- Inverse probability weighting to estimate impacts of hypothetical occupational limits on radon exposure to reduce lung cancer.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Risk characterization for silica-related silicosis and lung cancer in communities adjacent to sand and gravel extraction facilities: examining limitations in our current risk methods.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Re: Adjustment for duration of employment in occupational epidemiology.Annals of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Estimating impacts of reducing acrylonitrile exposure on lung cancer mortality in an occupational cohort with the parametric g-formula.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2024Article
- Effect of out-of-village working activities on recent malaria exposure in the Peruvian Amazon using parametric g-formula.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Union Burying Ground: Mortality, Mortality Inequities, and Sinking Labor Union Membership in the United States.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2021Article
- Lung Cancer Mortality and Styrene Exposure in the Reinforced-Plastics Boatbuilding Industry: Evaluation of Healthy Worker Survivor Bias.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Does the Union Make Us Strong? Labor-Union Membership, Self-Rated Health, and Mental Illness: A Parametric G-Formula Approach.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Response to "Comment on 'A Quantile-Based g-Computation Approach to Addressing the Effects of Exposure Mixtures'".Environmental health perspectives · 2021Article
- Association of Silica Dust Exposure and Cigarette Smoking With Mortality Among Mine and Pottery Workers in China.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- A Quantile-Based g-Computation Approach to Addressing the Effects of Exposure Mixtures.Environmental health perspectives · 2020Article
- Exposure to Total Hydrocarbons During Cleanup of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Risk of Heart Attack Across 5 Years of Follow-up.American journal of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Silica, silicosis and lung cancer: what level of exposure is acceptable?La Medicina del lavoro · 2018Article
- A review of time scale fundamentals in the g-formula and insidious selection bias.Current epidemiology reports · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRespiratory exposure to silica is associated with the risk of death owing to malignant and nonmalignant disease. 2.3 million US workers are exposed to silica. Occupational exposure limits for silica are derived from a number of lines of evidence, including observational studies. Observational studies may be subject to healthy worker survivor bias, which could result in underestimates of silica's impact on worker mortality and, in turn, bias risk estimates for occupational exposure limits.
methodsUsing data on 65,999 workers pooled across multiple industries, we estimate the impacts of several hypothetical occupational exposure limits on silica exposure on lung cancer and all-cause mortality. We use the parametric g-formula, which can account for healthy worker survivor bias.
resultsAssuming we could eliminate occupational exposure, we estimate that there would be 20.7 fewer deaths per 1,000 workers in our pooled study by age 80 (95% confidence interval = 14.5, 26.8), including 3.91 fewer deaths owing to lung cancer (95% CI = 1.53, 6.30). Less restrictive interventions demonstrated smaller but still substantial risk reductions.
conclusionsOur results suggest that occupational exposure limits for silica can be further strengthened to reduce silica-associated mortality and illustrate how current risk analysis for occupational limits can be improved.
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