Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29868838›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2018

Antibiotics, acetaminophen and infections during prenatal and early life in relation to type 1 diabetes.

German Tapia, Ketil Størdal, Karl Mårild, Christian R Kahrs, Torild Skrivarhaug, Pål R Njølstad, Geir Joner, Lars C Stene

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Gut microbiome and autoimmune disorders.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

German TapiaDepartment of Child Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Ketil StørdalDepartment of Child Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Karl MårildDepartment of Child Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Christian R KahrsPediatric Department, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway.
Torild SkrivarhaugDivision of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Pål R NjølstadKG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Geir JonerDivision of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Lars C SteneDepartment of Child Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Norwegian Institute of Public Health · NOOslo University Hospital · NOHaukeland University Hospital · NOØstfold Hospital Trust · NO

Funding

Gene-Environment Interactions in an Autism Birth CohortU01NS047537 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI LIPKIN, W. IAN · 2003 to 2013
$27.0M
NIEHS NIH HHS N01 ES075558NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS047537
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Infections in early life have been linked to type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk, but no previous study has comprehensively analysed exposure to antibiotics, acetaminophen and infections during pregnancy and early childhood in relation to offspring risk of T1D. Methods: Participants in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (n = 114 215 children, of whom 403 children were diagnosed with T1D) reported infections and medication use through repeated questionnaires from pregnancy until the children were 18 months old. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for offspring T1D were estimated through Cox regression adjusted for child's sex, maternal age and parity, maternal T1D, smoking in pregnancy, education level, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and birthweight. Antibiotic use was also analysed in a population-based register cohort of 541 036 children of whom 836 developed T1D. Results: Hospitalization for gastroenteritis during the first 18 months of life was associated with increased risk (aHR 2.27, 95% CI 1.21 - 4.29, P = 0.01) of T1D. Childhood infections not requiring hospitalization, or any kind of maternal infection during pregnancy, did not predict offspring risk of T1D. Antibiotic or acetaminophen use in pregnancy, or child`s use in early childhood, was not associated with risk of T1D. Conclusions: Our study, which is population-based and the largest of its kind, did not find support for general early life infections, infection frequency or use of antibiotics or acetaminophen to play a major role in childhood T1D. Hospital admission for gastroenteritis was associated with T1D risk, but must be interpreted cautiously due to scarcity of cases.

Indexed as

AcetaminophenAdolescentAnti-Bacterial AgentsChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1FemaleGastroenteritisHospitalizationHumansInfantInfectionsMaleNorwayPregnancyAcetaminophenAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID29868838
PMCPMC6208272
OpenAlexW2807031606

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.